Study On Spatial Variability Of Field Soil Nutrient For Precision Agriculture

In the transition process of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, the precision agriculture whose core is variable management achieved wide attention. The aim of precision agriculture is to gain the best result at the least expense and ensure the sustainable development of agriculture. It adopts deferent measures according to deferent crop growing status and deferent growing conditions so as to achieve excellence on the whole. In the research and practice of precision agriculture, there are a lot of new science and technology problems, among which the reasonable collecting information and processing method of field soil nutrient, the research of spatial variability of field soil nutrient are the most important. In this paper, firstly, the author briefly analyzes the reason of the spatial variability of field soil nutrients and various limiting factor of sampling in the field soil. Then brings forward the suitable number of field soil sample and the reasonable sampling method. The second is to introduce the interpolation method that uses the known sample data to calculate the data of the field without sample. The third, presents the global positioning system (GPS) and the basic field soil nutrient data using the differential global positioning system (DGPS), then analyze the data with the method of classic statistics and the method of geostatistics to study the spatial variability of field soil nutrients. The forth, compares the deferent interpolation method with the data on the Arc View of geographic information system (GIS), and confirm that the kriging interpolation of geostatistics is a suitable method. At the end, the author draws the map of the spatial distribution of soil nutrients on ArcView GIS3.2 . It makes the spatial variability of field soil nutrients and its rule much clearer. To some extent, it has strategy significance to management of field variability and accelerate the development of agriculture.