| In rescent years, forage production has been greatly improved beacause of agriculture structure adjustment. The planting area of forage crop and the capacity of herbivorous domestic animals are enlarged every year. The rapid development of herbivorous domestic animals promotes the further poduction of forages.Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum) is a pupular planting grass in southern China in winter and spring, which can grow after harvest of rice and product a great deal of high grade green food, may be not only benefits to the utilization of farmland, but also to the development of domestic animals, and increase in incomes for farmers. But Italian ryegrass grows rapidly in spring in southern area. Ensilage techniques of ryegrass are urgent needed in practices in order to improve the utilization of Italian ryegrass in southern China now.Italian ryegrass was unwiltd or wilted and ensiled in barrel silos at elongating stage and earing stage with addition of formic acid, lactic acid, propionic acid, formaldehyde, cellulase or glucose. Silos were opened after 60 days form ensilaging and the silage quality was determinded.The unwilted silage displayed worse visual evaluation and worse preservaton because of low content of dry matter while the wilted silage with application of different additives had better visual evauation and better preservation.Ensilage with optimum level of organic acid restricted the fermentation of lactic acid, reduced ammonia nitrogen content and lactic acid concentration, increased water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content. Italian ryegrass was wilted and ensiled at elongating stage with addition of 5.6 formic acid, 7.0 lactic acid or 6.5 propionic acid Lf'wilted grass, compared with control, ammonia nitrogen content lowered 8.14% (P<0.05), 15.14% (P<0.05) or 4.34% (P>0.05) respectively, lactic acid concentration lowered 5.80% (P<0.05), 13.27% (P<0.01) or 6.3% (P<0.05) respectively, WSC content highered 236.81% (P<0.01), 276.81% (P<0.01) or 179.15% (P<0.01 Respectively. Italian ryegrass was wilted and ensiled at earing stage with addition of 3.2 formic acid, 4.5 lactic acid or 6.5 propionic Lt-1 wilted grass, compared with control, ammonia nitrogen content lowered10.56% (P<0.05), 9.14% (P<0.05) or 11.03% (P<0.05) respectively, lactic acid concentration lowered 5.65% (P<0.05),6.79% (P<0.05) or 10.06%(P<0.01) respectively, WSC content highered 42.92% (P<0.05), 125.51% (P<0.01) or 221.55% (P<0.01) respectively.Ensilage wilted Italian ryegrass with addition of glucose stimulated the lactic acid production (P<0.05) and reduced the pH value. Ensilage with addition cellulase, compared with control, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), hemicellulase and aerobic deterioration content was obviously reduced.Ensilage with formaldehyde at rate of 3.8 Lf'wilted grass reduced the ammonia nitrogen content 13.28% (P<0.05) at elongating stage and 12.56% (P<0.05) at earing stage. And with propionic acid had significantly lower aerobic deterioration content.Lower lever of lactic acid and propionic acid had little effect on the ensilage fermentation of Italian ryegrass. The optimum level of additives of formic acid, lactic acid, proponic acid and formaldehyde for Italian ryegrass in Sping in southern China must be at rate 5.6, 7.0, 6.5, 3.8 Lf'wilted grass respectively, glucose and cellulase may be respective at rate 20 and 0.75 kgf'wilted grass at elongating stage. Application of formic acid, lactic acid, proponic acid, formaldehyde to wilted Italian ryegrass maybe at rate 3.2, 4.5, 6.5, 3.8 Lt"1 wilted grass respectively, glucose and cellulase be needed 20 and 0.75 kg-1 wilted grass respectively, at earing stage. |
PDF Full Text Request