Shajiang Black Soil Amended By Coal Fly Ash And Its Effect On Growth And Development Of Winter Wheat

From 1997 to 1999 , Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash and its effect on growth and development of winter wheat and residua of Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, As in soil and different organs of wheat were studied systematically by plot and field .The results were showed as fellows: First, Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash decreased soil proportion from 0.01 to 0.083 , soil density from 0.068 to 0.134g.cm~3 and soil clay content from 4.628 to 16.834%, increased total porosity from 3.13 to 5.52%, capillary porosity from 2.98 to 15.3% and coefficient of soil saturation conductive water from 0.0224 to 0.0847 cm.s-1. The correlation between soil density, soil proportion , capillary porosity , coefficient of soil saturation conductive water and amount of coal fly ash applied to the soil were extremely significant , whose coefficients respectively were -0.8985, 0.8978, 0.8647 and 0.9303. The correlation coefficient between total capillary porosity and quantity of coal fly ash was 0.9423, which was remarkable. Additionally, Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash took great effects on soil temperature and soil water content , namely, soil temperature of each treatment was higher than TO and increased with increase of coal fly ash .but contain of water of each treatment was lower than TO and decreased with decrease of coal fly ash before pregnant stage; from then on , the soil temperature was lower than TO and decreased with increase of coal fly ash ;on the contrary, the water content was higher than TO and increased with increase of coal fly ash.Second. , the effects of coal fly ash on bacteria . fungus , actinomces in Shajiang black soil were that the amount of bacteria and actinomees decreased greatly , as to that of fungus decreased slowly before filling stage ;from then on , the amount of fungus and actinomces increased rapidly , as to that of bacteria slowly.Third , Shajiang black soil amended by coal fly ash accelerated the development of leaves , increased the number of secondary root , made tillers produce early before enlongation stage, promoted small tillers to become middle tillers , middle tillers to big tillers , raised the rate of tillers becoming ear, accelerated the process of biol. of young spike in turn-green stage and entongation stage , increased the number of spike of wheat. The43activity of SOD and free water content of leaves were higher, which could cnlong filling stage and improve weight of wheat grain.The relation between the quantity of coal fly ash used and the yield of winter wheat was square curvilinear correlation .and the highest wheat yield was obtained by applying 2.6 x 105Kg ?hm"2of coal fly ash to Shajiang black soil .Addtionaly, there was some effects on quality of winter wheat, too.Fourth, soluble sugar content in different organ of winter wheat changed in the same way-highest during over-wintering stage and getting lower after reviving. During nutrient growth stage, eoal fly ash amending Shajiang Black Soil raised watei-soluble sugar content in the leaf, sheath and root of the winter wheat. Before over-wintering stage, it promoted sugar moving to sheath, but to root and sheath during overwintering stage. During filling stage, it promoted water-soluble sugar translating to seed. The starch content in different organs varied greatly. The root had the highest content before overwintering stage, the leaf in elongation stage, and sheath in filling stage. In harvest stage, stalk, sheath and leaf of winter wheat still had a higher content, which perhaps resulted from xerothcrmic wind and short of fertility in the later stage on Shajing Black soil.Firth, The residua of Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, As were identical on the whole in the soil and different organs of wheat after shajiang black soil was amended by coal fly ash , their turns was: soil >root>slem>shcat >leaf >grain. Residua of Cd in soil , leaf, sheath and grain of wheat and quantity of coal fly ash used were extremely significant linear relation, whosch coefficients were 0.977, 0.9768, 0.9473 and 0.9849 respec...