Preliminary Study On Phylogeny Of Parasitic Wasp Based The Characteristics Of Morphology And 28S RDNA Sequence

Based on morphology of parasitic wasp and host to study the relationship between host adaptability and morphology evolution of parasitic wasp. We acquired the D2 region of 28S rDNA of Campoletis chlorideae Uchida, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke, Ephedrus plagiator (Nees) from PCR amplification. Based the nucleotide sequence make phylogenetic-tree of parasitic hymenoptera.The study of mouthparts showed that they have different mandibula between families. Each species of Ichneumonidae has two teeth except Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius) has three teeth. Each species of Braconidae has two teeth. Each species of Chalcidoidea has three or four teeth. Ichneumonidae and Braconidae have little difference in the mandibula morphology, and the Ichneumonidae, Braconidae and Chalcidoidea have big difference. The compare of parasitic wasps ovipositor morphology showed that each species has big difference. The wasps of same host are adaptive convergence in morphology.Selected 18 characters of parasitic wasp and host as variables, through SPSS to cluster analysis of parasitic wasp. The result is match with the classical phylogeny affiliation of parasitic wasp. But there are adaptive convergences in morphological variations, and there is co-evolution between parasitic wasp and his host.We also studied the microstructure of the ovipositor of parasitic wasps, and sensilla's morphology, number and distribution. It showed that sensillas have different features on morphology, number and distribution. Two main type sensilla were found on the ovipositor,namely sensilla trichodea and sensilla coeloconica.According to the published sequence, the primers were designed. We cloned the D2 region of 28S rDNA of Campoletis chlorideae Uchida, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke, Ephedrus plagiator (Nees) respectively. Sequence analysis showed they all shared about 90% identity in terms of nucleotide to other species of the same family. The percentage of G+C has big difference in the different families, but there was little difference in same family.Collembola as out-group was selected in order to make the analysis of phylogenetic tree. The results showed that there is the closest heredity distance between Campoletis chlorideae Uchida and Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke. There is little heredity distance between Ephedrus plagiator (Nees) and Collembola. Ephedrus plagiator (Nees) was an original clade. The heredity distance is long between Campoletis chlorideae Uchida and Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke compared with Collembola. It showed that these two groups are more evolution than Ephedrus plagiator (Nees) .