The Physical And Chemical Character Of Culture Substrates And Its Effect On Yield And Quality Of Cucumber

This paper discussed the physics and chemistry of substrates and the effect of different substrates on cucumber growth and development yield and quality by cucumber substrates culture test. The substrates were composed of corn straw, cinder and sterilized chicken excrements with different proportion. The results indicated that:The unit weight of substrates of treatment 3(corn straw: cinder.sterilized chicken excrements=70:30: 20), 4(corn straw :cinder: sterilized chicken excrements=55:45:20)> 5(corn straw: cinder:sterilized chicken excrements=40:60:20), 8(corn straw:cinder:sterilized chicken excrements=70:30:10), 9(corn straw:cinder:sterilized chicken excrements =55:45:10)are about 0.5g/cm3, it conform to request of substrates culture. Substrates were brimming with oxygen due to reasonable unit weight, so that the quantity of microorganism increased. The quantity of bacteria and actionmyctes exceeded the quantity of fungi. Among all treatments the quantity of microorganism of treatments 4 was the best. Substrates were fermented with the action of microorganism, so the temperature of substrates rose up. The temperatures were higher than other substrates, which C/N about 25:1.The organic material resolved and transformed nutritious with the function of microorganism. The quantity of N, P, Ca, S of treatments 3, 4, 5 were higher than treatment 8.The growth oftreatment 1 was poor, so that the nutritious elements weren't easily absorbed and the nutritious elements of it were high. The quantity of organic material was depending on the quantity of corn straw, which was been put in.The yield and single fruit weight of treatment 4 was highest among all treatments. The plant height of treatment 4 was the highest at early period and the plant height of treatment 9 was the highest at middle and later period. The stem diameter of treatment 9 was the widest at early period and the stem diameter of treatment 4 was the widest at middle and later period. For the quality of cucumber, nitrate content in cucumber fruits of treatments 5 was the lowest. The Vc and soluble sugar content in cucumber fruits of treatment 4 was the highest. In a word, corn straw mingles with cinder and sterilized chicken excrements can used as substrates. The reasonable proportion of corn straw , cinder , sterilized chicken excrement's was55:45:20.There are developmental prospect of corn straw as substrates.