| 1. Effect of glutamine on development and function of digestive truct in early weanling piglets16 male piglets were divided into 2 groups randomly. The experiment group was weanling in the 21th day and fed with 2g Gin per piglet every day, the control group was weaned normally in the 28th day; in the course of experiment, everything was done by general way (including immunity for piglets);on the 32nd day, 6 chosen pigs from each group were killed for determination of hormone in serum and enzyme activity in chyme in the stomach. At the same time, stomach parie 2x2 cm, the middle part of duodenum 2x2 cm, jejunum forepart 2x2 cm, the middle part of ileum 2x2 cm, were taken to make the general olefin slice , HE dyeing and balata enveloping after washed by saline and fixed by picric acid. The olefin slice were observed by microscope and taken picture; the stomach gland and the small intestine villi were measured by Image-processing-plus.Part I Measurement of the length of small intestine.The study showed Gin may promote the development of the small intestine. In experiment group, the length of duodenum was increased by 4.75%, jejunum increased by 8.59%, ileum increased by 9.23%, the total length of the small intestine increased by 8,57%; there were no clear difference between the experiment group and the control group.Part II Measurement of hormones in serum.In the experiment group piglets serum, gastrin was improved clearly (P< 0.01, n=6) compared with the control group; at the same time, T3/T4 was increased but no clear difference.Part El Measurement of enzyme activity.Compared with the control group, the pepsin activity in chyme was enhanced clearly (P<0.05, n=6) in experiment group. However, Gin can not improve the activity of amylase and lipase in duodenum. Amylase and lipase activity in the experiment piglets were deduced clearly (P<0.01, n =6).Part IV Histological observation of gastrointestinal tissueThe stomach glands of the experiment group piglets were longer than the control piglets(P<0.01,n=18). The duodenum villi of the experiment piglets werelonger than the control too(P<0.05,n =18).2. Effect of glutamine on anti-heat stress in broiler96 AA broilers 34 days older were separated into 3 groups. 6 broilers were in the blank control group (having no Gin in feeding and no stress ); 60 broilers were in the control group (having no Gin in feeding, but stress); the control group was divided into 5 small groups by the stress time, 6 hours stress, 12 hours stress, 18 hours stress, 24 hours stress and 48 hours stress. 30 broilers were in the experiment group ( having Gln in feeding and stress ); the experiment group was also divided into 5 small groups by the stress time. 0.5g Gin per broiler mixed well in feeding were given to the experiment group every day. At the 45 days older, the blank control group were killed, and the control and the experiment group were parked at 41 癈 for 48 hours continuously; the small group of the control and the experiment was killed and sampled respectively when the stress time was fulfilled. Part I Effect of glutamine on mortality of broilers under heat stress.The study showed that the broilers fed with Gin may resist the heat stress at certain extent. The death rate of the control group was 16.67% after 4 hours stress, but the experiment is 3.33%. After 6 hours stress, the control was 18% compared with 13.79% of the experiment group. After 12 hours stress, the control was 17.07% and the experiment was 20.00%, but there was no clear difference. Evermore, there was no death of broilers in the latter experiment.Part II Measurement of Gln concentration in plasma of broilers under heat stress.At the 6th hour in stress, Gln concentration in experiment broilers plasma was higher than that in control broilers plasma(P=0.0098); although the experiment group was higher than the blank control too, there was no difference(P=0.0922); there was also no difference between the control and the blank control(P=0.0602). At the 12th hour, the exper... |
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