| The drought resistance of Chinese Wild Vitis species was studied by shape index, relative water content (RWC), and relative plasma permeability under the conditions of drought stress, and evaluated by subordinative function. All grapevines, which include 11 clones of 8 Chinese Wild Vitis species, 2 varieties of V. Vinifera, 1 variety of V. vinifara*V. labrusca, 1 clone of V. riparia, and 107 F1 progenies of V. yeshanensisX V. riparia, were classed 4 grades: standard, semi-standard, semi-poor and poor drought resistance. The standard drought resistant species were V. yeshanensis, which is the most drought-resistant species of all. The semi-standard were V. adsricta Taishan-1, the drought resistance of which was the same as V. vinifera. The semi-poor, including most of Chinese Wild Vitis species, were V. adsricta Anlin-2, V. piasezkii Gansu-91 and Nanzheng-2, V. quinquangularis Weinan-3 V. amurensis Taishan-111, V. pseudoreticulata Guangxi-1, V. romanetii Jiangxi-2 and Pingli-7. The poor were V. davidii Tangwei, the drought resistance of which was equivalent to V. riparia. The drought resistance of a majority of progenies were between their parents, V. yeshanensis and V. riparia, but a few of them were beyond their parents.The results showed V. yeshanensis has mainly water spender drought-avoidance characteristics. The drought resistance of grapevines was closely related to climatic variation pattern of their distribution area. In general, the drought resistance of the species from drought regions was stronger than those from humid region.Random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) and bulked segregation analysis (BSA) were employed to detect molecular markers linked to drought resistance gene in the wild grapes (Visit L.) native to China. Seven RAPD markers were obtained. Genetic analysis, by MAPMAKER version 3.0, indicates S226-1100, S271-550 and S1165-1500 were all linked to the major gene to control the drought resistance of grapevines, and S226-1100 is the closest one linked to the gene; S264-1300, S195-1000, S513-1700,S1345-1400 belong to the other linkage group, which exist one drought resistance gene probably.In addition, the seven RAPD markers were tested in other Chinese wild Vitis species, Vitis vinifera, V. berlandieri, and V. rupestris. The result showed that S226-1100 and S271-550 are the common RAPD markers linked to the drought resistance gene among the Vitis species, which implied the same gene to control the drought resistance of Vitis species from different area.S226-1100, S271-550, and S1165-1500 were reclaimed from electrophoresis gel and cloned in T-easy vector, then got the whole sequence of each marker, which consist of 1083bp, 522bp, 1479bp, respectively. This provided a DNA evidence for molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS), obtaining sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR), and cloning of the drought resistance gene through gene map.
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