| Colored cotton is a kind of cotton with natural color in its fiber. Recently, the fabric with Green Environment Label has been paid more and more worldwide attention. Since the colored cotton needs no artificial dying, the garments made by it are prized as "green clothing". Colored cotton is healthy and profitable for mankind and its prospective market is very wide. It will trigger a revolution in the textile and clothing industry in the future. This research regarded colored cotton as materials and focused on fiber biochemistry and molecular biology.1. Two cotton genomic DNA extraction methods had been compared in this research: CTAB method and SDS method. Different treatments on cotton leaves had also been compared according to the effect of DNA extraction. The results showed that high-quality DNA could be obtained by both of the two methods. In addition, the fresh cotton leaves and the leaves stored under 4 C and room temperature for 1 day were all suitable for DNA extraction. Finally, if the cotton leaves had been exposed in the 42 C environment for one to several days, the DNA in them was apparently degraded. However, it was no problem for satisfying PCR analysis.2. The SSR fingerprint atlas of 18 colored cotton lines had been obtained based on SSR technology. After 110 pairs of SSR primers' screening, we got 10 pairs that had excellent amplification results. Then 4 of them were used to build a molecular searching pattern of these colored cotton lines. Meanwhile, cluster analysis had been made using the 10 pairs of primers, and we also made a discussion on their phylogenetic relationship.3. Regarding Brown263 and T582 as parents, F2 as mapping populations, we used SSR technology to tag the brown lint gene. The result showed that between the two parents, 19 out of 216 pairs of SSR primers were found polymorphic and between the gene pools, 2 out of 19 pairs of primers were found polymorphic. However, both of them were not linked with the brown lint gene tightly.4. Different methods (methanol dipping, ethanol dipping before microwave heating, ethanol distilling, HNOs/ethanol distilling) of extracting the pigment in fiber were compared and there was obvious color in the ethanol extraction liquid. Chemical tests proved that there was flavonoids in the ethanol extraction liquid of green cotton. Moreover, based on HNO3/ethanol distilling method, the scanning spectrum was different from that described by previous researchers. The wax content of white cotton TM-1 was lower than that of four green cotton lines. And among these lines, the wax content differed from each other with the range of 6.25 and 18.35 percent. We also found there was no relationship between the fiber color and the wax content.5. The textile made by brown and green cotton had been treated in different ways (acid, alkali, water, soap fluid, washing powder, different washing times and drying methods, etc.). Analysis on color system revealed: acid could deepen the color of colored cotton, alkali could deepen the color of brown cotton while made the color of green cotton lighter; the washing effect of water and soap was betterthan that of washing powder; the effect of cool drying was better than that of drying in the sun.6. After the frost fell, we made assay of the activity of enzyme CAT, POD and SOD among TM-1, sea-island cotton, and six colored cotton lines. The results showed that the activities of these protective enzymes of some color cotton lines were even higher than those of white cotton and sea-island cotton. Therefore, under coldness, the protective enzymes of colored cotton kept active and the potential cold resistance existed in them. In addition, the changes of the activities among these three enzymes were not consistent.7. Chalcone synthase(CHS), Chalcone isomerase(CHI), Flavanone 3-hydroxylase(F3H), Dihydroflavonol4-reductase(DFR), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) had been regarded as analyzing objects, and EST searching, EST assembling, sequence blast, ORF fi...
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