Accumulation Of Soil Organic Matter And Influential Factors On The North Slope Of Changbai Mountain

The soil organic matter that has the characters and structures of biology is the basic matter of soils, which is not only the conditions of life activities, but also is the results of the life activities. So, researcher attaching importance to studies on soil organic matter as a main carbon format in the terrestrial ecosystem. Natural protection areas on the slope of Changbai Mountain is famous primary forests at middle latitude areas. In order to understand contents and distributions of soil organic matter and rates of formation and decomposition, and influential factors in different forests and soil types under the unique environments of Changbai Mountain. Researching the dynamic changes of the soil organic matter is provided with signification.The paper studied on distribution and accumulation of soil organic matter by using 14C and soil physicochemical methods. The results show that the contents of soil organic matter are increasing with altitude raising, and is decreasing with depth profiles, but at a certain depth the contents of soil organic matter did not change significantly. In the study on accumulation and turnover soil organic matter we found out different slope coefficient of Δ14C and rates of formation and decomposition explained that soil organic matter was composed of two components. The first was an active component that allocated upper soil horizon, and decomposition rates and apparent 14C ages are 0.0113 a-1 - 0.005 a-1 and 398 a- 575 a. The second is a inactive component that allocated A and B layer, and decomposition rates were below 0.001 a-1, and 14C ages range from 610 a to 2350 a. Using "C method, we analyzed soil age at different altitude. For example, the depth of mountain tundra soil profile was 75 cm, and apparent 14C ages was 1315 a; the depth of brown coniferous forest soil profile was 40 cm, and apparent 14C ages was 870a; the depth of lessive black brown soil was 120 cm, and apparent 14C ages was 5145 a. By all appearances, soil development of the low altitude was better than that of the high altitude. As a result, soil development subjecting to influence of volcanic eruption, climate and temperature, and these factors induced slow speed of soil development. Carbon storages of the upper horizon in lessive dark brown forest soil, brown coniferous forest soil and mountain tundra soil were 10959 gC m-2 (0-20 cm), 4199 gC irf2 (0-10 cm) and 6171 gC m~2 (0-32 cm) respectively, occupy 60%,50% and 77% of total carbon storage. This showed that the upper horizon was accumulating soil organic carbon. In addition, some influential factors impacted distribution, accumulation and turnover of soil organic matter. Weonly discussed two principal factors. They are the interior and exterior influential factors. In this study we found that for contents of soil organic matter, formation and decomposition rates exterior influential factors are remarkable influential. Interior influential factors, i.e. contents of clay particle were maximum dependency in relation with accumulation of soil organic matter.