Studies On Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics Related To Salt Stress In Pistacia Vera L.

Pistachio(Pistacia vera L.), originates in west-central of Asia.(North latitude 28-42,East longitude30-75), and is one of the main dried fruit. It is one type of fruit tree which mainly grows in Xinjiang and it has a good development future.This experiment studied the characteristics of physiology and biochemistry of Changguo and Kerman Pistachio cultivars under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress. The results are summarized below:1. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the membrane permeability of leaves in both cultivars went up as stress increased. The membrane permeability in Changguo cultivars increased quickly, and the permeating ratio of electrolyte was higher. The Kerman cultivars was less higher.2. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the Chl (a, b, a+b) content in Changguo and Kerman leaves had different changes after increasing salt concentration, but the ratio of Chla/b increased. This shows that Pistachio can maintain photosynthesis by increasing Chla/b in NaCl and Na2SO4 contaminated soils.3. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the soluble sugar content in leaves went up as stress increased to maintain the penetration balance. The range of increase of soluble sugar content in Kerman leaves was larger than the Changguo.4. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the starch content in leaves went up slightly as stress increased to maintain the penetration balance. The range of increased starch content in Kerman leaves was larger than Changguo.5. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the Pro(proline) content in leaves went up with stress increased to maintain the penetration balance. When Pistachio was subjected to salt stress, the Pro content increased many times. 6. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the content of MDA(Malondialdehyde) in leaves went up with stress increased. The range of increased MDA content in Changguo leaves was larger than the Kerman.7. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the activity of SOD(superoxide dismutase)increased in both varieties with increased stress. The activity of SOD in Kerman leaves was higher than in Changguo.8. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, CAT(catalase) activity,and POD(peroxidase) activity increased in both varieties with increased stress.9. Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the content of Na+,Cl- and SO42- in pistachio leaves all went up with increased stress, but the change of K+ content was different. The content of Na+,Cl-,SO42-,K+ and the ratio of Na+/ K+ in stem and root were also different.10.Under NaCl and Na2SO4 stress, the content of Na+,Cl-,SO42- and the ratio of Na+/ K+ in soil went up with increased stress. The Na+,Cl- and SO42- were mainly distributed in the upper layer of the soil in the pot after prolonged stress time. This would alleviate the harm to the deeper root. But the change of K+ content is different.