The Screening And Research Of Antagonistic Bacteria Of Postharvest Diseases Of Fruits And Vegetables

903 strains bacteria are obtained by isolating 40 samples of soils from Shandong, Anwei, Sichuan, Chongqing, Shanghai and Hubei. Through the determination of biological activities indoors, 40 strains antagonists are screened against Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium expansum, Alternaria kikuchiana and Physalospora piricola which are primary diseases on fruits. Apple, orange and cauliflower are treated with the fermentation and suspension of 40 strains, then three antagonists show obviously controlling-effect against rotting. The results of storage on apple, pear, and citrus with different treatments demonstrated that TL-2 strain (1x107cfu/ml) reduced the rotting rate of the fruits. The controlling-effect is 66.1% on pears after 15 days of storage, after 20 days on citrus the controlling-effect is 65.8%, the controlling-effect is 43.8% after 150 days of storage. There is no obvious difference between it and 50% Carbendazim (800mg/L). The moisture of treatments has no obvious change .The results show that TL-2 strain will be successfully applied for commercial use.According to the morphological, physiological and biochemical features, TL-2 antagonistic bacteria is identified as Bacillus subtilis. The antimicrobial activity primarily destroys the fungus cell wall, inhibits the growth of hyphae of pathogenetic fungus, and results in the abnormal growth of hyphae.