Saussurea Involucrata Cell Cultures And The Secondary Metabolic Regulation Of Flavonoids

In this paper, the kinetics of cell cultures of Saussurea involucrata, the effects of the type of media, precursor and organic nutriments, chitosan elicitor and spectral quality on cell growth and flavonoids accumulation in cell suspension cultures, cell cultures of Saussurea involucrata in periodically submerged and air-lift bioreactors were investigated.After 24 days culture, the maximum dry weight and flavonoids production of Saussurea involucrata callus in solid culture reached to 15.27g/l and 479.08mg/l, compared to solid culture, the suspension cultures obtained more rapid growth rate, specific growth rate and specific biosynthesis rate, after 15 days culture, the maximum dry weight and flavonoids production of Saussurea involucrata callus in liquid culture reached to 17.25 g/1 and 607.82 mg/1, which were 12.97% and 26.87% higher than in solid culture, the maximum specific growth rate were 0.245 and 0.286 respectively. In the experiment of the type of media, MS medium was the best for cell growth, White medium was the best for total flavonoids content and B5 medium was the best for total flavonoids production. PHenylalanine and CH had marked effect on total flavonoids biosynthesis, which was higher 47.68% and 21.59% than the control, CM had a stimulated effect on the cell growth, the maximum dry weight reached 19.47g/l,higher 36.1% than the control. Addition of 25mg/l chitosan slightly improved cell growth whereas stimulated flavonoids synthesis, the maximum flavonoids production reached 1243.5 mg/1, which was 33% higher than the control. Red light was benefit to cell growth and the maximum biomass was obtained in red light; blue light was benefit to flavonoids synthesis and the maximum flavonoids content and flavonoids production were obtained in blue light; the combination of white light and blue light can stimulated flavonoids synthesis. In the experiment of periodically submerged bioreactor, the cell grow slowly in the beginning (0—6d) and the maximum dry weight and flavonoids production reached to 12.13g/l and 620.08mg/l in 15 day. The biomass was only 2/3 of which cultured in Erkenmeyer flask. In the experiment of air-lift bioreactor, the cell grow slowly in the first 3 days, the maximum dry weight was obtained in 15 day. Except a slightly raise in the 3rd day, the flavonoids content declined all the time. Compared to cell cultures in Erkenmeyer flask, the pH and conductivity changed slowly in the two bioreactors.