Evolutionary Structure Studies On Three Kinds Of Plants Of Glycine In Jilin Province

This paper has studied three kinds of plants of Glycine in Jilin for the sake of exploring the plant systematic law of evolutionary. We have had systematic evolutionary structure studies on wild soybean,semi-wild soybean and cultured soybean. We adopted paraffin method and light microscopic technology to analyse morpha and structural botany characters of their roots, leaves, petioles,flowers and legumes. We did it in order to search for the trends of Glycine structure evolution; obtain the proofs of Glycine evolutionary structural botany and accelerate our country Glycine research. The results that were from morphological structure comparative study of Glycine organs showed that not only common or similar characters existed in three kinds of Glycine, but also many differences. Cultured soybean roots had more advanced secondary xylem and more vessels than wild soybean and semi-wild soybean. And bigger vessel aperture,more vessel paratracheal parenchyma were also in cultured soybean. There were less vessel pore-chains in wild soybean roots. There were more vessel pore-chains and seldom vessel pore-clusters in semi-wild soybean. There were rich vessel pore-clusters in cultured soybean roots. There were more secondary vascular rays, which consisted of multiserial cells in cultured soybean. In wild soybean there were less vessel rays, which consisted of uniseriate ray cells. So cultured soybean roots have stronger ability of conducting water and inorganic salt than wild soybean and semi-wild soybean. Glycine glands appeared in leaves and petioles of cultured soybean. More paraveinal mesophyll cells were in cultured soybean and semi-wild soybean than in wild soybean. There were longer palisades in cultured soybean leaves than in semi-wild soybean and wild soybean. Aerating tissue were more advanced in cultured soybean petioles than in wild soybean. Above all proved that cultured soybean was advanced but wild soybean primary. That more vascular bundles in cultured soybean than in wild soybean showed that cultured soybean had stronger ability of conducting. That keel segregation phenomenon in wild soybean flowers proved that its flowers' conservatism and primitive characters in systematic evolution. The layers of assimilating tissue parenchyma cells in cultured soybean legume were more than in wild soybean, which showed that cultured soybean had stronger photosynthesis function and more advanced evolutionary level. We can make a conclusion from the experiment results that wild soybean had primary characters, semi-wild soybean had more primary characters, cultured soybean had advanced characters. Glycine plants evolutionary pattern from lower to advanced was wild soybean(primary)→semi-wild soybean(more primary)→cultured soybean(advanced).