Reproductive Biology & Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) Of Palmleaf Raspberry (Rubus Chingii)

Plamleaf raspberry (Rubus chingii) was studied on the structures of vegetative organs, vegetative & sexual propagation, relationship between seedling and environment and good agricultural practice (GAP) at the farmland of Dexing county, in Jiangxi province and the laboratory of College of Biological Science, China agricultural university. The results are as follows:1. The anatomical results of vegetative organs in palmleaf raspberry showed that the leaf has typical xerophytic features. Compared to the lower epidermis formed by one layer of small cells, the upper epidermis was formed one layer of bigger cells. The lamina was a bifacial leaf, with well-developed palisade and spongy mesophyll. There are many stomas distributed in lower epidermis, while upper epidermis has not any stomas. There is a layer of compressed cells in the secondary structure of stem. The vascular tissue in the section was incontinuous ring. It's the primary xylem of roots is polyarch ones and in the secondary structure, the secondary phloem is far more than the secondary xylem.2. The propagation of plamleaf raspberry by root cutting was conducted for the effectual technique of artificial propagation. The results showed that the root cutting with fibres had no obvious influence on bud sprout; root cuttings with 20cm in length, more than 0.4cm in diameter and 5cm in soil depth were the best treatment for increasing the bud number, shortening the time of unthreading soil, improving the survival percentage as well as accelerating the growth of adventitious buds; roots soaked in 50μg·g^-1 ABT-1 for 0.5 and 1h could increase the rooting percentage by 17.4% and 18.4%, and meanwhile reduce the survival adventitious buds by 29% and 26% respectively,. Cutting can be done around year and the best season is between the later winter and early spring. The adventitious buds can be developed in the crossed area of both cork cambium and phloem ray inside the root.3. Vegetative propagation by stem cuttings of palmleaf raspberry can be an effective, easy and economical means. The results showed that the treatment with ABT-1 twice can make cuttings regenerate new adventitious roots in comparison with that with ABT-1 once; dipped in 50μg·g^-1ABT-1 with 2 hours significantly increased rooting percentage, and rooting easier in softwood than in hardwood. By the traditional paraffin section method, the initiation and development of adventitious root were systematically observed. There are no pre-formed adventitious roots exist in the stems of palmleaf raspberry, all adventitious roots formed in the cutting belong to induced roots, which originate from the parenchyma cells around the vascular cambium and no adventitious roots were found to formed in callus, and in reverse, superfluous callus inhibit intensely the development of adventitious roots.4. Two mechanisms of dormancy were found in palmleaf raspberry: seed coat-imposed dormancy and embryo dormancy. The seed coat dormancy was overcome by scarifying with 98% sulfuric acid solution for 60 minutes before germination. Water uptake measurements showed that the seed coat was entirely permeable to water. Light is benefit to seeds germination in its speed and uniform, but in darkness the germination percentage is very slow and unsteady. Germination percentage of de-coated seed increased with storage time. None of fresh seed germinated in all GA₃ treatments.5. Palmleaf raspberry seeds are soaked in the solution of rhizome extract of lalang grass (Imperata cylindrical) and bitter bamboo (Pleioblastus amarus) with different concentration, meanwhile the seed germination and seedling growth of palmleaf raspberry was studied. The results showed that shoot growth increase with the concentration while final germination, root length, fresh and dry matter were at a maximum at 0.025g·ml⁽-1 concentration and then decreased with further increase in concentration. Rateand mean period of germination declined with increase in concentration. The results of the study suggest that rhizome of lalang grass and bitter bamboo ha...