Study Of Controlling Nematode Root Rot And Fertilizing Effect On American Ginseng In Beijing Area

The characteristics of a new nematode disease of American ginseng found in Beijing area was described and identified. It was caused by a nematode belonged to Ditylenchus. And the related factors such as soil type, soil water, soil temperature , amounts of fungi in the soil were studied. The effects of biological, chemical pesticides and fertilizers on the amounts of nematodes, fungi, bacteria and actinomyces in the soil, control effect to the root disease and development of American ginseng were also studied. The study results indicated that the nematicides (Junxianwei and Xianjing) had better control effect to the root disease happened seriously in the soil which had more nematodes and Zhucuye, 1.5%abamectin had better effect control in the soil which includes lower amounts of nematodes. The relative control effect of Junxianwei and Xianjin in the higher root disease rate soil (the occurred disease rate of root rot is above50%) is about 44.5%; the relative control effect of Zhucuye, 1.5% abamectin in lower root rot disease soil (the occurred disease rate of root rot is below 10%) were 74.6% and 44.3%. The organic carbon fertilizer could promote the growth of American ginseng and had good controlling effect on the nematode, the relative control effect could get to 47.1% .According to the growth characteristics of American ginseng, the effect of liquid several fertilizers on the growth and development of American ginseng were studied to improve the nutrient deficient during the different growth period. The result indicated that different liquid fertilizers (Lvyuan foliage fertilizer, earthworm amnio acid compound liquid fertilizer, Kelifeng(DCPTA), Zhucuye had active influence on the American ginseng .They increased fresh root yield of American ginseng 10.1-16.09% and fresh fruit yield 25.94-47.98% compared with the CK. The content of ginsenoside, Re and Rbl in the root treated with the liquid fertilizers were higher 0.55-7.70% and 3.8-12.03% than the CK. Compared with the CK, net income of all treated was more than 817.15-4789.84 å…ƒ/667m2 and the highest net income of the treated could get to above 12%.