Studies On Development Of Reproductive Systems In Cherax Quadricarinatus

The development of the reproductive systems, oogenesis and spermatogenesis of Cherax quadricaricatus were studied by the examination of histological methods and Transmission Electron Microscope. On the basis of morphological study, the sorts of proteins in testis during the development and the basal properties of the proteases in every parts of male reproductive system were then studied by the biochemical methods, such as: SDS-PAGE etc.1. Study on the development of female productive system in Cherax quadricarinatusFemale reproductive system is composed of ovary, fallopian tube and female gonopores. The ovary contains four morphological components: the ovary wall, the epithelia, the follicles and the extension of the ovarian wall. By the morphological characters of oocytes and developmental rules, the course of oogenesis can be divided into three phases: the phase of oogonium, primary oocyte and mature oocyte. (By the degree of the vitellogenesis, the phase of primary oocyte was then divided into 4 phases.) On the basis of the color and size of the follicles, the development of ovarian is divided into 4 phages: under-developed phage, developing phage and the phage of ovulation.2. Study on the development of male productive system in Cherax quadricarinatusMale reproductive system is mainly composed of testes, vas deferens and male gonopores. The testes are composed of multi-convoluted collecting tubules bearing numerous spermatogenic acini. The differentiation and development of spermatozoa are in the spermatogenic acini. That spermatozoon is producted continually by testis counted on the synchronized development of spermatocytes in same spermatogenic acini and the unsynchronized development in different spermatogenic acini. By the course of meiosis, spermatogenesis in Cherax quadricarinatus is divided into five phages: spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid and mature sperm. After a complicated mophological change, spermatid became mature sperm, and during this courses the chromatin in the nuclear clustered at first and then unfastened, and slightly clustered finally. The mature sperm of Cherax quadricarinatus is formed like a "fried egg" with an acrosome in shape of "C" and a main body in irregular shape. Several nuclear arms are developed from the main body, in which there is neither microtube nor microfilament.3. The primary study on the sorts of proteins and the properties of proteases in male productive system in Cherax quadricarinatusBy the method of SDS-PAGE, the proteins in young crayfishes are similar with each other, which are different from that of mature crayfish. (The body length of young crayfished is respectively 4cm, 6 cm and 10cm; the body lenth of mature crayfish is more than 13cm.) In the PH range from 5 to 11, there are two peaks of the proteolytic activity in immature crayfish testes, which are respectively in PH 5 and 10. However there is only one peak in mature crayfish testes, which is in PH 10. In the result of electrophoresis, two clear bands were revealed, which are named Protease A and B. The molecular weight of A is biger than that of B. Protease A is of higher activity in PH 6 than in PH 10, whereas the result of B is on the contrary.Additionally, every part of the reproductive system of mature crayfish was separatedly studied to determine the activities and components of the proteases. The proteolytic activity of anterior vas defences is the highest and that of testes and posterior vas defence wall is the lowest, and that of the middle vas defences and posterior vas defence inclusion is in the middle. From PH 10 to 12, there is a peak of the proteolytic activiy in vas defences. In the result of electrophoresis, there are four clear bands named A, B, C and D. The molecular weights: B>D>C>A. The properties of A and B had been related before and they distribute widely in all parts of male reproductive system. Whereas Protease C just distributes in posterior vas defences inclusion and Protease D is just in middle vas defences. After immersed in the alkaline so...