| In order to explore the regulation mechanism of single boll weight components factors of high-yield cotton in Xinjiang, and improve fiber quality, the single boll weight components factors of different cotton varieties were as the study object to explore the change of single boll weight components factors and its relation to meteorological factors by comparing single boll weight components factors under three ecological regions, different sowing date and different yield level. On this condition, this article analysed change of fiber quality and super-molecular structure and its relation to meteorological factors. The main results are given bellow. 1 The change of single boll weight components factors and its relation to meteorological factors.Four cotton varieties that have different inheritance background were employed in this study, XINLUZAO 9, XINLUZAO 10, XINLUZHONG 8 and ZHONGMIANSUO 35. The former two varieties are early-maturing varieties that bred in Xinjiang. Other twos are early-middle-maturing varieties that bred in Hebei and Cotton research institute of China respectively. And planted them in three ecological regions, wihich were north and south of Xinjiang, and Nangong in Hebei province.The single boll weight, lint weight per boll, lint gross weight and lint weight per seed had significant relations with its components factors. The pertinence between single boll weight and lint weight per boll was higher (r=0.937) . The pertinence between lint gross weight per seed and lint weight per boll was higher (r=0.731) . The pertinence between lint weight and lint gross weight per seed was higher (r=0.966) and the pertinence between fiber amount and lint weight per seed was higher too (r=0.752) .1.1 The single boll weight, seed weight per boll, seed index, lint weight per boll, lint index, seed amount per boll, lint gross weight per seed, lint weight per seed and single fiber weight per seed in south of Xinjiang was highest among three cotton eco-regions. Single boll weight in south of Xinjiang was 8.6 percentage higher than that in north of Xinjiang and 29.4 percentage than that in Hebei. The values of seed weight per boll were 5.9 percentage and 17.0 percentage. The values of seed index were 10.4 percentage and 12.9 percentage. The values of lint weight per boll were 9.4 percentage and 46.9 percentage. The values of lint index were 5.0 percentage and 35.8 percentage. The values of seed amount per boll were 0.4 percentage and 9.5 percentage. The values of lint weight per seed were 2.4 percentage and 15.2 percentage. The values of single fiber weight per seed were 6.3 percentage and 9.8 percentage. Lint percentage in northof Xinjiang and south of Xinjiang was 16.2 percentage and 13.7 percentage higher than that in Hebei partly. Short fiber weight per seed in north and south of Xinjiang were 26.5 percentage , 26.9 percentage respectively higher than that in Hebei. Fiber amount per seed in north of Xinjiang was 4.9 percentage higher than that in south of Xinjiang and 10.9 percentage than that in Hebei. Besides lint percentage and seed amount per boll of early-maturing varieties that bred in Xinjiang was higher than ones of early-middle-maturing varieties that bred in Hebei among different varieties, single boll weight and other components factors had contrary results.1.2 The single boll weight, seed weight per boll, seed index, lint weight per boll, lint index, lint percentage, seed amount per boll, lint gross weight and lint weight per seed of the first sowing date was highest among three sowing dates. Single boll weight of the first sowing date was 2.7 percentage higher than the senond one and 6.0 percentage than the third one. The values of seed weight per boll were 6.0 percentage and 12.5 percentage. The values of seed index were 5.9 percentage and 8.4 percentage. The values of lint weight per boll were 5.6 percentage and 11.2 percentage. The values of lint index were 3.4 percentage and 9.6 percentage. The values of lint percentage were 1.1 percentage and 5.2 percentage. The values of seed amount per boll were 5.0 percentage and 8.4 percentage. The values of lint weight per seed were 3.8 percentage and 17.1 percentage. Short fiber weight per seed of the third sowing date was 0.5 percentage higher than the second one and 2.2 percentage than the first one. Fiber amount per seed of the first sowing date was 4.3 percentage higher than the third one and 4.7 percentage than the second one. Single fiber weight of the second sowing date was 0.6 percentage higher than the first one and 12.3 percentage than the third one. Besides lint percentage, seed amount per boll and single fiber weight of early-maturing varieties that bred in Xinjiang was higher than ones of early-middle-maturing varieties that bred in Hebei among different varieties, single boll weight and other components factors had contrary results.1.3 The lint yield of high-yield cotton field achieved 2700kg hm-2 on different yield levels, and was 31.8 percentage higher than common-yield cotton field. In the yield components factors, plant numbers of high-yield cotton field were close to that of common-yield cotton field, but boll numbers per plant and single boll weight of high-yield cotton field were higher than that of common-yield cotton field. The single boll weight of high-yield cotton field was 2.0 percentage higher than that of common-yield cotton field, and being as components factors of single boll weight, seed weight per boll seed index of common-yield cotton field were 1.1 and 6.4 percentage higher than that of high-yield cotton field, lint weight per boll and lint index of high-yield cotton field were 4.0 and 6.7 percentage higher than that of common-yield cotton field. Seed amount per boll, lint weight per seed, fiber amount per seed and single fiber weight of high-yield cotton field were 5.2 percentage, 3.2 percentage, 0.7 percentage, 3.4 percentage respectively, higher than that of common-yield cotton field. Short fiber weight per seed of common-yield cotton field was 11.8 percentage higher than that of high-yield cotton field.1.4 Single boll weight and its components factors were relevant to the climatic factors during cotton's boll evelopment. Daily temperature difference, gross sunshine time and activity accumulated temperature(≥15 ℃) were positively correlation significantly to single boll weight and its components factors. The relative...
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