Studied On The Correlation Between Grain-filling And Quality Of The India And Japonica Rice In Panxi Region Of Sichuan Province, China

The yield traits of the India and Japonica rice and the characteristics of their grain-fllling and grain-quality were studied in the experimental field of College of Xichang in Panxi region in 2003, with 9 Japonica rice and 3 India rice cultivars.The main results were summarized as follow: (1) The analysis on a lot of their panicle-spikelet and biological and yield traits including spikelets per panicle, filled grains per panicle, 10³-grain weight, filled-grain percentage, effective panicles, grain weight per panicle, stem and sheath weight per stem, plant height, ear length, spikelets per unit leaf area, density per ear, and so on, were compared and correlated and regressed. The difference were significant at 0.01 or 0.05 level between types and among varieties, especially for the effective panicles, grain weight, spikelets per unit leaf area and grain-yield. It was suggested that Japonica cultivars, especially Hexi-39, Hexi-22, B₄₂ and Miangeng147 were fitter forthe local ecological environment.(2) The export amount of the matter in stem and sheath in the same duration of time after full heading stage of Japonica rice was not so much as that of India rice, the export percentage of them was just on the contrary, and yet. The transformation amount of the matter in stem and sheath of India rice varied in a little range, lasting the shorter time, and that of Japonica rice was opposite to it. The harvest index of Japonica rice was the higher comparable with India rice and lasted a little longer period.(3) Japonica rice had two significant quickly grain-filling periods and lasted the longer period, The filling characteristic of the superior and medium grains and inferior ones was synchronous at early filling stage, and showed occurrence of the maximum grain filling rate of the superior grains that increased 70% in grain weight. The filling characteristic of both superior and medium grains was synchronous at late filling stage, and that of both and the inferior grains were asynchronous, The weight of inferior grains was 46% as much as the whole grain-weight. India rice had only one significant grain-filling stage quickly within the whole grain-filling stage period. The filling characteristic of superior and medium and inferior grains was synchronous. Stronger competition for assimilates among them at the whole grain-filling period, leading to less availability of assimilates to the medium and inferior grains, which could be attributed to low grain weight and finally low yield.(4) Rice quality traits finally of both Japonica and India rice were significantly difference among their different (partial) potential grains: Japonica rice, the milling qualities showed the occurrence of the head rice recovery on its all potential grains; the apparent qualities showed the occurrence of the chalky grain on both medium and inferior ones; the cooking qualities showed the occurrence of the gel consistency on both superior and medium ones; the eating qualities showed the occurrence of the protein content on both superior and inferior ones. India rice, the milling qualities showed the same as that of Japonica rice; the apparent qualities showed the occurrence of the chalky grain on both superior and medium ones, the chalkiness on both medium and inferior ones; the cooking qualities showed the occurrence of the gel consistency on the superior ones; the eating qualities showed the occurrence of the protein content on its all potential ones.(5) The correlation among the main rice qualities of all potential grains in the different varieties between the types of rice was the significantly difference at early and middle and late filling stages: Results showed that the correlation among the head rice recovery of Japonica rice and the mean grain filling rates of the three potential grains at early stage and inferior ones at middle stage and medium ones at late stage was not positive significantly difference, the chalky grain and chalkiness and that of both superior and medium ones were positive significantly at 0.01 or 0.05 level at middle grain filling stage, the protein content and that of both medium and inferior ones was negativesignificantly at 0.01 or 0.05 level, the gel consistency and that of the medium ones at the middle and late grain-filling stages; The correlation among the head rice recovery of India rice and the mean grain-filling rates of the medium grains at early and late grain-filling stages was positive significantly at 0.01 or 0.05 level, the chalky grain and that of the medium ones at early stage, the superior and medium ones at late stage was positive significantly at 0.05 level, the chalkiness and that of the inferior ones at middle and late grain-filling stages were negative or positive significantly at 0.05 level, the protein content and that of the medium ones at early and late grain-filling stages was negative significantly at 0.01 level, the gel consistency and that of the inferior ones at middle stage was positive significant at 0.05 level and that of the other potential ones at the whole grain-filling stages was no negative significantly at 0.05 level.