Studies On The Effect Of Physiology And Biochemistry Characteristic In Virus-free Grapevine

DAS-ELISA method was used to detect grape fanleaf virus and leafroll virus of main grape varieties growing in Gansu province, China. The results indicated that the two kinds of viruses occur in main grape growing area of Gansu. In Lanzhou and some old grapevine area, the grapevine viruses were very serious. The results of the comparison of the detection of tender leaves and stems, old leaves and stem on the lower parts of the plants shows that the tender tissues on the lower parts of the plants are the optimum parts for leafroll virus detection.In order to prove that virus-free grapevine have more virtues than virus-infected ones, in this paper the changes of leave total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content,the chlorophyll b content, protein content,amino acid content, photosynthesis rate, catalase activity, organic acid content, soluble carbohydrate content ,soluble solid substance content, reducing sugar content in both virus-free grapevine and virus-infected ones were studied. In three periods the virus-free tree of Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon and Fujiminori, the results showed that: the contents of chlorophyll ,chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b chlorophyll a/b higher in virus-free ones ,and the contents of chlorophyll raised from 11.68～27.14%,5.11～11.49%,12.81～24.93% ,The differences existed Obviously in the chlorophyll and chlorophyll a , the chlorophyll b detected on June 14th,and October 13th when the virus-free grapevine compared with virus-infected ones. The differences existed unobviously in the chlorophyll b detected on November 3rd. The photosynthetic rate that the virus-infected leaf before expect compared with the virus-free ones to descend 3.0200%, the middle descend 2.8500%, expected to descend behind 1.8600%, three period all attained the differences obviously. After plant infect with the virus, a photosynthetic rate of leaf of different leaf-age will lower. Old leaf's photosynthetic rate descended 56.23%, and medium leaf-age to descend 58.26%, the leaf of young descended 72.97%. In the young leaf grape, amino acid content of young leaf, Petiole and Caulis increased 9.56%～35.18%,8.37%～61.96% and 18.81%～78.12%, repectively, and in the old leaf grape amino acids content of young leaf, Petiole and Caulis will drop when the virus-free grapevine compared with virus-infected ones.Protein content of old leaf is lower in virus-free one than virus-infected one. Soluble carbohydrate content,soluble solid substance content, reducing sugar content of virus-infected are low in normal stub, but the organic acid is namely the total sour content high in normal stub.