The Design And Experimentation Research Of The Temperature And Humidity Automatically Control Device In Piglets House

Environment control in livestock and poultry houses is to utilize a series of project facilities, offer the rational living environment for the livestock and poultry's growth and breed, with is an important qualification that the animal husbandry develops to intensification and modernization. Environment questions in pig industry were paid attention to more and more with the development of intensify and high density raise fashion. It has been already proved by the production practices in raising pig and relevant scientific research of the countries all over the world that the growth, healthy, breeds and fodder utilization of the pig were restricted by the air environment of the pig house .The quality that the air environment controls is the important factor which could be carried on pig's production effectively or not. The air environment control in the pig house includes two respects mainly: one is the control of the environmental state of air; the other is the control of the air quality. The former control is mainly aimed at meteorological factors such as the temperature, humidity and air current, etc; the latter is to monitor and control aimed at various kinds of harmful gas, hydrosphere and dust in the air, etc. In suckling piglets house, there are greater differences between the sow and piglet's requisition for temperature, the temperature in the house considered for the sow mostly then for piglets, the general best range is 18~22 Centigrade, lower limit is 15 Centigrade, upper limit is 29 Centigrade. The new-born piglets' best temperature is 32-35 Centigrade to its growth, drop by 0.5 Centigrade every day afterwards, and drop to 21-27 Centigrade to 3 week ages of the piglets.In the northern area of our country, it is unusually cold and long in winter and sunshine time is short causes by the continental climate. There are questions of poor heating preservation wholly, high humidity and cold stimulator strengthen etc. because of the way of washing dejecta in the closed suckling piglets house, in addition the piglets should be get the low temperature stimulator too during sucking the milk because lower temperature in the whole house. On the other hand, there are high humidity and high dense smell due to close all doors and windows to keep warm, which have great influence on the production performance of the pig. So in winter, it is the main question in actual life to solve aeration, keeping temperature, regulating humidity and control illumination intensity etc. in northern medium and small-scale closed pig houses。In the course of cultivating the piglets, the quality of environment temperature control isan important factor of determining survival rate level. An important physiologic characteristic of the piglet is that thermoregulation function is imperfect, easy to affect by cold and appear the lower body temperature, and piglet's energy store is very low, will cause the direct or indirect death when the energy is exhausted. Meanwhile, when temperature is lower than the critical temperature, piglet will increase the disease caused by reduce of internal immunoglobulin (Ig) activation, it is mainly diarrhea and hypoglycemia, the piglet will die easy if does not treated in time. In order to guarantee the suckling piglet's survival rate, make the temperature in nursery box meet piglet's different demands for temperature in the course of its growth, solve the temperature demand difference between the piglet and the sow, design a device to monitor and control the temperature and humidity automatically in suckling piglet house. Utilize the hot-blast furnace to increase the temperature of the whole house, to guarantee the sow's demand for temperature and the aim of aeration in the house, and then utilize the device to control the temperature automatically in the nursery box to guarantee the piglets' different demands for temperature during each stages of its growth.This device includes two parts mainly, one part is temperature and humidity monitor and control system; the other part is the button and the display system. The function of the former is to measure the temperature and humidity in the pig house in time, and spread corresponding data to the button and display system to show temperature and humidity in the pig house in time through 485 communication, can also control the temperature in nursery box.; The function of the later is to show the temperature, humidity, the temperature in nursery box, current time and date. This system is worked on the ground of keying in the days of the piglets were bom, and the temperature enact by the system will decline automatically with the age increase of the piglet when suitable temperature drops, so one can enact the piglet's bom days over again to make the system run in gear under the power off situation.This article is based on consulting relevant data in a large amount, and then confirms the environment requirement, which is very essential to design the temperature and humidity environment automatic control system in suckling piglet house. And then confirm the hardware which makes up the system, adopt digital temperature sensor DS18B20 to measure the temperature and humidity, AT89C51 single-chip computer to control and intelligent display urges chip HD7279A to display and buttons etc. This design use Protel 99 SE circuit design software to design the system's circuit mechanism diagram and print circuit diagram, then finish the making of the device. Use emulator to carry on the emulation of the softwarein the software development course, the software procedures all adopt C language to carry on programming. In designing program, I have used the procedure designing technique that the module combines with structurization. And carried on the spot test in the pig farms after the device complete, examine this device's result of use under the working condition.Gather the relevant factors data and carry on statistical analysis by the contrast among tests, the analytical method is chi—square test to examine the significance inspection of the difference to all groups of data. This results of the test fully proves, this temperature automatic control system makes temperature and humidity in pig house in the range of requirement in winter, and the piglets' niche meets its' physiological demands too, can reduce times and frequency notably of the piglets getting together, increase its sleep time. Reduce the disease rate of the piglets, thus improve piglet's survival rate notably, improving the piglets' niche and strengthening the comfortable sleep environment are important measures to improve piglet's survival rate. Adopted the sensitive automatic temperature control system at the same time, can realize the constant temperature automatically, heating disconnected, when the piglet's day age increase and the suitable temperature drop at the same time, the temperature that system established will decline too, which will help piglets to grow healthily and achieve the goal of saving heat energy.In a word, this temperature control automatic system will do important realistic meanings to solve the temperature demands contradiction between the piglet and sow in winter in the northern area of our country, improve piglet's niche and survival rate, reduce the disease rate, saving heat energy and growing healthily.