Study On Countermeasure And Evaluation Of The Fertilizer Application In Langfang City

It is an important factor for fertilization to improve crop yield. But in unreasonable, it not only influences the crop yield and quality, but also wastes resource and can bring high environmental risk. Getting the greatest economic and ecological benefits from fertilizer to increase crop yield is already paid close attention to. According to the current situation of applying fertilizer and the existing problem, we can found some effective measures to solve this problem. This paper adopted the methods of peasant-sample investigated, document studied and statistical data, census data utilized on the spot in Lang fang to analyze the current fertilizer, combined document surveyed-data and statistics data to study the nutrient balance of farmland, and confirmed the reasonable fertilizer quantity of different crops. Based on these, the measures of estimating the status of applying fertilizer was advanced, which provided gist in the theory for the resources-rational-utilization-fertilizer in Langfang. The main conclusions were as followed:1) For wheat, the amount of N and P in different counties of Langfang was in excessive level in 2004, but K insufficiency. In Langfang city, from the nutrient balance, N and P are all in surplus, but K in wane. From the nutrient balance index, N is in reasonable range, P in excess and surplus and K in wane.2) For maize, the amount of N and P in different counties of Langfang was in excessive level in 2004, but K insufficiency. In Langfang city, from the nutrient balance, N and P are all in surplus, but K in wane. From the nutrient balance index, N and P are both in reasonable range, but K in wane.3) For vegetables in Langfang, the fertilizer amount of N, P and K were all in excessive and had many surpluses.4) In the frame of fertilizer variety,in provision crop fertilization, N is mainly from urea and P is mainly from two ammonium and K is from organic fertilizer.In vegetable fertilization, the using proportion of organic fertilizer is more than that of inorganic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is mainly from no-rotten chicken feces.5) To sum up, the economic benefits were an important factor to direct peasants to apply fertilizer. From the fertilization state of winter wheat, maize, vegetables, we could see the fertilizer amount of N and P was in excessive, but K insufficiency. It also represented the fertilizer amount of vegetables was higher than that in winter wheat and also higher than that in summer maize. The fertilizer amount of vegetables was about three times higher than the whole fertilizer amount of winter wheat and maize.