| In this paper, we measured the fiber traits of 583 birch materials and chose 100 individuls by ISSR markers and RAPD markers. After surveying with ISSR and RAPD primers, 10 fragments from ISSR and RAPD primers were identified having significant correlation with the length of fiber traits based on correlation coefficient analysis and successfully transformed into SCAR markers, and the results are as follows:1 From the surveying result of 583 materials, the fiber traits were showed the normal distribution. And we chose 100 individuls to be analysed by genomic study.2 We improved original method of CTAB, this improved method was not only suitable for birch genomic DNA extraction but also for other paints. This extraction method was multi-times STE-CTAB. It was easier and faster, operated more easily, extraction condition was gentler, the biochemical and instruments were very normal. The most important was high purity DNA, and could be directly used to PCR amplifying experiment.3 The best suitable reaction system of ISSR includes 2.5 mmolL-1 Mg2+ , 10 mmol·L-1 'dNTP, 10 mmol·L-1 primer, 1 ×Taq DNA polymerase buffer, and 45 ng template DNA in a total volume of 20 μL. ISSR-PCR reaction system of birch was performed. Initial denaturation was for 5 min at 94℃, follow by 30 cycles of denaturation for 30 s at 94℃, annealing for 30 s at 51℃, extension for 30 s at 72℃ and a final 7 min extension at 72 ℃ (Yang Chuanping et al. 2005). The PCR products were isolated by electrophoresis and photographed with UVP Gel Documentation Systems (GDS7600). Molecular weight was estimated using a 100 bp DNA ladder (MBI).RAPD reaction system is the same to ISSR system, but RAPD-PCR reaction system of birch was performed. Initial denaturation was for 3 min at 94℃, follow by 40 cycles of denaturation for 60s at 94℃, annealing for 60 s at 37℃, extension for 2 min at 72℃ and a final 7 min extension at 72℃.4 Further analysis in 100 birch varieties revealed that correlation coefficient was much closed to the significant level of 5% and over the significant level of 1%. There are 6 fragments from ISSR and 4 fragments from RAPD5 Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique are applied to studying the fiber traits of birch as materials, and ISSR markers and RAPD markers were successfully transformed into SCAR markers. There were 7 fragments of 10 fragments transformed into SCAR markers. They were ISSR-AW44123, ISSR-AW44116, ISSR-AW44117, ISSR-AW44133, ISSR-AW44137 and RAPD-C27932, RAPD-C27925.6^ We verified the result of SCAR marker, but only SCAR -ISSR-AW44123 reached over 70%and SCAR—RAPD-C27932 reached over 80%, oters was only about 20...
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