Comprehensive Evaluation Of Restoration Of Artificial Swamp Forest In Greater And Lesser Xing'an Mountains

Community structure, biomass, stand volume and plant biodiversity of Artificial Larch (Larix gemelinii) Swamp Forest (22a) were studied, using transect and compared analysis methods, combining economical benefits and environmental effects, and comparing to natural Swamp Forest, in order to evaluate the restoration effects comprehensively and provide basis for managing swamp forests in Greater and Lesser Xing'an mountains. The results showed that the gradient in ecotone between swamp and forest make an important influence on community structure, biomass, stand volume, biodiversity and environment both in Artificial Swamp Forest community and natural. 22 years after plantation, in whole ecotone from swamp to forest, when compared to Natural Swamp Forest, Artificial Larch Swamp Forest had more simple community structure;shrub can't form one layer by itself;shrub and herb's coverage decreased. Along the gradient from swamp to forest, mean value of annual biomass and stand volume of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest increased gradually. In Natural Swamp Forest, the mean value of annual biomass and stand volume of different forests decreased in Greater Xing'an mountains, but it showed similar in Lesser Xing'an mountains. Annual Biomass between maximum and minimum value of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest in Greater and Lesser Xing'an mountains is 3.2649 t·hm^-2·a^-1 and 4.1672 t·hm^-2·a^-1 separately. Annual Biomass of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest in Greater and Lesser Xing'an mountains in high areas of the ecotone is 1.33-3.23 times higher than natural;but biomass is very low in low areas. In middle and high areas of the ecotone, stand volume of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest in Greater and Lesser Xing'an mountains is 4.3497 -6.9905 m³Â·hm^-2·a^-1 and 4.1435 -10.8194 m³Â·hm^-2·a^-1 separately, higher than the mean stand volume of 3.5627 m^-·hm^-2·a^-1 and 3.6184 m³Â·hm^-2·a^-1 separately of Natural Swamp Forest in Greater and Lesser Xing'an mountains, higher than the mean stand volume of forest in Heilongjiang province. But stand volume is very low in low areas of the ecotone. Plant richness index of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest is higher commonly than natural, but a diversity index is lower separately, when compared Shannon-winner index and Jsw homogeneity index, mean value of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest in Greater Xing'an mountains is about 0.4-0.5 lower than natural and Lesser Xing'an mountains is 0.2-0.4 lower than natural. Afforested in low areas in degraded swamp forest in Greater and Lesser Xing'an mountains, it is hard to convert timber because tree grow slowly, but afforested in high areas, tree grow fast. Input output ratio is big, and good economic benefits can be gotten. Underground water table of Artificial Larch Swamp Forest declined 10-25cm and peat bed thinned out 0-25cm compared to natural. Available nutrient content increased in soil. In the end, the restoration effects were evaluated comprehensively according to these results andsome advice were given for restoring and managing swamp forest.