The High Oleic Acid Breeding In Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) By Plant Genetic Engineering

Vegetable oil is the major composition of human food consumption and plays very important roles in food industry. Gene engineering technology has provided plant breeders with powerful new tools for manipulating the composition of plant products to improve their nutritional value and functional properties.The ratio of oleic to linoleic acid (O/L) is a reference standard of oil stability. Vegetable oil with elevated levels of oleic acid provides desirable properties related to both health benefits and stability characteristics.Therefore, one of the major goals for oilseed research is to improve the nutritive value of oilseeds by increasing the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid. FAD2 (fatty acid desaturase 2) is one of the most important enzymes for production of poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in plants,which can catalyze oleic acid to linoleic acid.Through down regulating the expression of the key enzyme gene, there have been many successful researches in high oleic acid breeding in plants.Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the important oil and economic crops. Its delicious flavor is interested by many people. In China, the O/L ratio of most commercial peanuts is lower than other countries, which not only reduces the flavor of peanuts, but also has a negative influence on the international trade.So, to improve the nutritive value of peanut by increasing the O/L ratio is essential for peanut breeding research.The purpose of our research is to achieve a new variety of peanut, which contains more oleic acid and fewer PUFA. In this research, firstly, a high-efficiency regeneration system of peanut was established.The explants we used included embryo leaflets, cotyledons and hypocotyls of peanut. Secondly, a seed-specific promoter β-conglycinin, which DNA sequence has been reported in GenBank, was cloned by PCR amplification from soybean (Glycine max) genome. The PCR products were...