Research On The Technical System Of Microspore Culture In Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L.)

As an efficient breeding method, haploidy breeding in rapeseed has been attended increasingly. At present, pollen culture (namely microspore culture) has been the most effective and widely applied one in all ways of haploid production in rapeseed. However, low frequency of embryoid induction, low efficiency of chromosome doubling and long period of lifecycle restrained further application of microspore culture in breeding and basic research in rape.In the first part of this research, 49 winter (semi-winter) rapeseed (B. napus) lines planted in the field in 2004, 2005 and 2006 were used as experimental materials. Studies on microsporal embryogenesis, shoot regeneration from embryoid, shoot propagation and rooting, and chromosome doubling were made. Some materials of rapeseed (B. napus) with high embryogenesis potential were screened out, which laid a good foundation for haploidy breeding and basic research by the way of microspore culture. The effect of an anti-microtube herbicide stomp on chromosome doubling of plantlets derived from microspore embryoids was explored for the first time. It was found that stomp was an effective chromosome doubling reagent, and the manner of chromosome doubling of microspore plantlets with stomp was preliminarily ascertained.In the second part of this research, screening and optimizing of nutrition solution for soilless culture, determionation of period and duration of artificial vernalization in B. napus and microspore culture of rapeseed (B. napus) cultivated soillessly in the greenhouse after vernalization were involved. The perennial microspore culture technique of winter (semi-winter) rapeseed (B. napus) was preliminarily developed.