The Anatomical Character Of Split Rice Glume Mutant And Preliminary Orientation Of Leaf's Yellowish-green Gene

In rice recombinant inbred lines population (RILs, F₁₀) with 123 lines which were derived from Lemont×Dular, we found flower organ mutants and yellowish-green leaf mutants. In this paper, the split glume mutants' morphological, genetic and anatomic characteristics were studied. We oriented preliminarily the yellowish-green leaf gene by SSR molecular marker. The main results are as follows.1 , The morphological identification of the split rice glume mutantsIn every spike, 30.64% spikelet glumes were split, 1-3 rice glumes, 3-9 stamens, 1-3 ovary, 2-5 stigma, 1-3 pairs lodicules. There are two seeds in one spike which connected or separated in mature particle. Sometimes, we can even see three seeds. From 10 generation continued cultivation, the plants' property could heredit stably. So it has been concluded that the character was controlled by recessive genes. According to the phenotype of mutants, it was named as Split Rice Glume (SRG) mutants temporally.2, The cytology characteristics of the split rice glume mutantsThe observation of floral primordium in wild-type rice found that the primoridium of palea/lemma, lodicule, stamen and carpel were successively initiated by SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope). The small spikelet of SRG developed palea/lemma. Some SRG's flowers were not to develop the stamen primordium directly after the lodicule appeared, but differentiated the organs like the lodicule in the inner of the lemma that maybe develop the furthest inner glume. Some lodicule-liked organs differientiated inside the palea which maybe develope glume-like structures. Some SRG's flower primoridium of carpel splitted from the middle or appeared separated-trace, then divided lodicule-liked structures. In wild-type rice, the spikelet can develop 6 stamens and the stamen in the inner lemma developed slowly. In SRG mutants, the differentiation of stamens was not simultaneous. Different number and size primoridium of stamens can be observed, the primoridium of stamen only grew in the joint of palea/lemma and can't see in inner palea/lemma. This phenomenon maybe caused by the carpel fast-developed.3 , The genetic analysis of the split rice glume mutantsUsing the SRG mutants as female parents, Dular, Lemont as father parents to make the crossing-combinations. All F₁ generation performed normally which indicated that the property was controlled by recessive gene. Identified the performance of F₂ generation in different crossing-combinations and RILs by x² test, the result is 0.145, 1.103 and 0.86 (x_0.05,1²=3.84,which...