Study On The Relationship Between Alcohol Intake And Diabetes Mellitus

Part one The relationship between alcohol intake and prevalence of diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional studyObjective:The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between alcohol intake and prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM) among aged 40 years old people in Luzhou city.Methods:Taking stratified sampling,4000 permanent residents aged 40 years and above were selected, all participants gave informed consent and completed a standardized questionnaire,physical examination and biochemical tests.Results:A total of 4000 people were involved in this investigation of which 3970 copies of valid were recovered.The prevalence of DM was 19.47%.The percentage of alcohol drinking was 41.2%(1636), of which the male was 60.9%, the female was 30.9%, the percentage for male was higher than that of female(p<0.05). Alcohol consumption was categorized into four groups:non-drinking(0g/d), small drinking(0.1~19.9 g/d),moderate drinking(20.0~ 39.9g/d), and large drinking(≥40g/d).The level of fasting plasma glucose in the group of small drinking was lower than the group of non-drinking(P<0.05),the level of hemoglobin A1 C in groups of small and moderate drinking was lower than non-drinking,in groups of large drinking was higher than the other three groups(p<0.05). The level of 2-hour postprandial was higher than the group of non-drinking(p>0.05),the level of high-density lipoprotein was lower than the other three groups, the level of low-density lipoprotein was higher than the other three groups(p<0.05).The prevalence of DM in four groups:The prevalence of DM in the group ofnon-drinking was 20.78%, the group of small drinking was 13.32%,the group of moderate drinking was 20.55%,the group of large drinking was 25.07%.The prevalence in the group of small drinking was lower than the group of nondrinking(p<0.05),the prevalence in the group of large drinking was higher than the groups of small drinking(p<0.05).The prevalence of new diagnosis DM in the group of small drinking was lower than the group of nondrinking,the prevalence in the groups of moderate and large drinking was higher than the group of non-drinking(p<0.05).The prevalence of previous diagnosis DM in the groups of drinking was lower than the group of non-drinking(p<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the group of small drinking was a protective factor for diabetes after adjusting for gender, age, BMI, smoking, calorie intake,family history of diabetes,(OR,0.641;95%CI, 0.508,0.807).Conclusion:Small drinking could reduce the prevalence of DM,it was a protective factor for DM.Part Two The associations of alcohol intake with the outcome of prediabetes after three yearsObjective:We aimed to investigate the associations of alcohol consumption with the outcome of prediabetes populations after three years.Methods:We selected 1125 prediabetes cases from the cross-sectional s u r v e y, a n d d i v i d e i n t o f o u r g r o u p s : n o n- d r i n k i n g( 0 g / d), s m a l l drinking(0.1~19.9g/d),moderate drinking(20.0~39.9g/d), and large drinking(≥40g/d), compared the changes of metabolic indicators after threeyears.Results:1116 cases complete followed up,9 cases were lost to follow-up,the accumulative incidence of DM in the group of non-drinking was 18.81%, small drinking was 8.80%,moderate drinking was 16.51%,large drinking was 26.53%.The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the group of small drinking had a lower relative risk for diabetes compared to non-drinking(RR,0.49; 95% CI,0.31,0.79),after adjusting for age, gender, family history of DM, calorie intake,BMI and baseline blood glucose.The relative risks in the groups of moderate and large drinking compared to non-drinking were 1.15(0.69,1.92) and 1.95(1.35,3.04). In the group of BMI <24 Kg/m2,the accumulative incidence of DM in the group of non-drinking was 18.56%, small drinking was7.69%, moderate drinking was 12.20%,large drinking was 20.00%.The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that relative risk in the group of small drinking was 0.40(0.20~0.80),the relative risks in the groups of moderate and large drinking compared to non-drinking were 0.77(0.30~1.97) and 1.10(0.46~2.64),after adjusting for age, gender, calorie intake,and baseline blood glucose.In the group of BMI≥24Kg/m2,the accumulative incidence of DM in the group of nondrinking was 19.02%, small drinking was10.00%, moderate drinking was 19.12%,large drinking was 29.41%.The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that relative risk was 0.62(0.33~1.66).The relative risks in the groups of moderate and large drinking were 1.49(0.80~2.80)and 2.64(1.55~4.47).In the group of small drinking,the levels of fasting plasmaglucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose,hemoglobin A1 C,triglycerides,low-density lipopro- tein and cholesterol were decreased, high-density lipoprotein was increased.In the group of moderate drinking,the level of fasting plasma glucose was decreased,the high- density lipoprotein was increased(P<0.05).In the group of large drinking,the levels of 2-hour postprandial glucose, triglycerides, blood pressure,alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase and hemoglobin A1 C were increased,the fasting plasma glucose was decreased;the high-density lipoprotein was decreased,low-density lipoprotein was increased(P<0.05). Conclusion:Alcohol consumption could influence the outcome of pre-diabetes dependently by BMI,for BMI<24Kg/m2,Small drinking could reduce the risk of prediabetes develop into diabetes,for BMI≥24Kg/m2,large drinking could increase the risk of incidence of prediabetes develop into diabetes.