| Peach production is the second big fruit industry in Shandong province. One of the most important problems of peach production is the irrationality fertilizer application. The current situation of fertilization of peach orchard at mountainous area in mid-shandong, which is main peach producing regions in Shandong province, was investigated. At the same time, the nutrient diagnosis of peach orchard and the recommendation fertilizer techniques were studied. The aim of the research was to establish the scientific fertilizer application technique on peach and the improvement of peach yield and quality.The results of farmer survey showed that, the significant differences of the ertilization amount and time were observed between different farmers. The average amount of 550.2 kg·hm-2(N), 322.3 kg·hm-2 (P2O5) and 323.0 kg·hm-2 (K2O) were applied to peach, which were about 2-5 times as much as the application of foreign countries. The fertilization application levels were different between famers and the irrationality of the fertilization time was also observed.The average content of soil organic matter (SOM) of peach orchard was low. The SOM of upper layer of soil (0-20cm) was 1.58g kg-1, and the SOM of the lower layer of soil (20-40cm) was 1.33 g kg-1. But the percentage of peach orchard, which the average content of SOM was less than 1%, was 30%. The fertilization application of peach orchard was high, but the analysis of soil nutrition in peach orchard showed that the contents of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium were still low. In the layer of soil (0-20cm), the percentage of peach orchard, which the content of soil NO3-N was less than 20μg/g, was 11.11%; the percentage of peach orchard, which the content of available phosphorous was less than 10μg/g, was 55.56%; the percentage of peach orchard, which the content of quick-acting potassium was less than 100μg/g, was 33.33%. In the layer of soil (20-40cm), the percentage of peach orchard, which the content of soil NO3-N was less than 20μg/g, was 33.33%; the percentage of peach orchard, which the content of available phosphorous was less than 10μg/g, was 66.67%; the percentage of peach orchard, which the content of quick-acting potassium was less than 100μg/g, was 44.44%. The highest content of the soil NH4-N, NO3-N, available phosphorous and quick-acting potassium were 38.36μg/g, 27.61μg/g, 47.40μg/g, 335.30μg/g.Chinese longevity peach trees with different growth vigor were used as materials in the experiment. The results showed that, the number and the percentage of middle-shoit branches were higher for vigorous trees than for robust trees; the length and the thickness of new shoot in the peripheral crown of a tree and the area of the mature leaves were lower for vigorous trees than for robust trees. The content of chlorophyll and the trunk capacitance , all can reflect the difference of growth vigor and nutrient supply level of peach trees, can be used for the dynamic monitoring of peach growth trends.The recommendation fertilizer technique rules which were based on the yield target and the fertilization situation of peach orchard were established, and the field experiment was conducted for the validation of rules. The results showed that, the peach yield and quality were enhanced by the fertilizer recommendation technique, with the lower fertilization application; the amount of recommendation fertilizer application can reduce by 20% with the application of biological organic fertilizer, controlled/slowed-release fertilizer, or other new-type fertilizers.
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