| The peanut line 05D610 (as the control line) with normal seeds and its wrinkled seed peanut mutant line 05D677 were used as material,comparative analysis on the plant growth characteristics,pod development and seed organic matter accumulation,effect of Source-sink Manipulation on pod, sucrose metabolizing enzymes activity and glycolisis metabolizing enzymes activity between the two lines,genetic analysis on trait of wrinkled seed and yield correlated traits were conducted.The main results of the experiment as follows:1.The plant growth characteristics of the mutant lineDuring the period of 96–132 d after germination,caulis leaf number,pegs,young pods,blighted pods,crust pods,total pods of the mutant line were significantly higher than that of the control line.And the other agronomic traits(height of caulis, length of lateral branches, caulis nodes, branches number, leafs specific gravity) have no significant difference between mutant line and the control line during the whole growth period.When harvest the blighted pods and crust pods of mutant line have a percentage of 31.03% and 43.05% in total pods respectively;the blighted pods and crust pods of the control line have a percentage of 9.17% and 38.1% in total pods respectively.The plant dry matter of the control line and mutant line have no significant difference during growth period. The reproduction organ and reproductive allocation are always lower than that of the control line.2.The pod development and seed organic matter accumulation characteristics of the mutant lineDuring 0-24 d after peg penetration,the pod filling rate of the mutant line was higer than that of the control line.But fallen behind the control line when 24 d after peg penetration.The Pod volume rapid swell phase of the control line and the mutant line ,were 12-36 d and 24-36 d after peg penetration respectively.The Pod dry weight rapid accumulation phase of the control line and the mutant line were 18-66 d and 24-48 d after peg penetration respectively.The pod dry weight rapid accumulation rate and volume rapid swell rate of the control line was 4.5 and 2.4 times that of the mutant line .At 36 d after peg penetration,the seed soluble sugar content of the mutant line was significantly higher than that of the control line,and other time both of them showed well agreement.At 36 d,66 d and 72 d after peg penetration,the seed sucrose content of the mutant line was 9mg/g higher than that of the control line,the difference between them was highly significant.In the period of 30–72 d after peg penetration, the fructose and glucose content of the mutant line always lower than than that of the control line,as only 65% of the control line.The hexose/sucrose ratio always lower than than that of the control line,as only 50% of the control line.The starch contents in seeds did not differ significantly between the mutant line and the control line,while protein content of the mutant line being always significantly higher than that of the control line,and oil content of the control line seeds were always significantly lower than that of the mutant line . In the whole growth period,the starch content,protein content and oil content per seed of the mutant line was always significantly lower than that of the control line.3. Effect of Source-sink manipulation on pod of the mutant lineReducing sink decrease the flowers per plant of the mutant line and the control line,also to control the pods per plant.When harvest to survey young pods,blighted pods and crust pods.By reducing flowers can significantly increase crust pod percentage.The the control line have a higher percentage on transformation young pods into crust pod than the mutant line .Reducing flowers in proper number can increase the one plant yield,100-pods weight and 100-seeds weight of the control line,but decrease the same target of the mutant line .4.Sucrose metabolizing enzymes activity and glycolisis metabolizing enzymes activity of the mutant lineDuring the period of 30–66 d after peg penetration,the activity of sucrose synthase(SS) was significantly higher than that of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),which was the main enzyme on sucrose syntheses.SS(cleavage) activity was higher than acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI),which was also the main enzyme on direction of sucrose cleavage. In conclude SS is the main enzyme on sucrose metabolize at the stored matter accumulation stage of peanut seeds.SS(synthesis) activity in seeds showed slightly difference between the control line and the mutant line .SPS activity of the control line was significantly higher than that of the mutant line .SS(cleavage) activity of the control line was significantly lower than that of the mutant line .At 30 d after peg penetration, the aldolase activity of the mutant line was significantly lower than that of the control line.But the other enzymes of glycolysis have no significantly difference between the mutant line and the control line.5.Genetic analysis on trait of wrinkled seed and yield correlated traits The segregation of wrinkled seeds in different F2 populations (05D610×06D677,05D677×05D610,05D677×05D1136,05D677×05D639) revealed the proportion of full seed plant to wrinkled seed plant,close to the 3:1 ratio expected for the segregation of a single recessive nuclear mutation.The genetic trait of pods per plant,pods weight per plant,pod weight and seed weight have a tight correlation with the wrinkled seed trait. In Conclution,the trait of seed wrinkled in the mutant line caused by the pod development lacuna,controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear gene.The genetic of pods per plant,pods weight per plant,pod weight and seed weight have a tight correlation with the wrinkled seed trait genetic.The significantly decrease of seed weight of the mutant line results from hexose deficiency.The decrease of hexose content,maybe caused by the weaken invertase in cell wall or lock of a hexose transporter. |
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