| Aiming at solving the contraction between excessive water consumption of intercropping systems in the oasis area and increasing scarcity of water resouce. A field experiment was cconducted at a typical oasis research station, in order to investigating the effects of intercropping and reduced tillage combined with wheat straw mulching on yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of wheat corn intercropping, and the mechanism of intercropping can improve the yield and WUE of wheat and corn was analyzed. The main results as following:1. Intercropping combined with reduced tillage and wheat straw mulching can significantly increase the land use efficiency (LER) and yield of wheat and corn. The LER of wheat corn intercropping system with straw mulching was 1.52,1.62,1.60 at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively, and that of the without mulching intercropping system was 1.48,1.56,1.58 respectively at three different irrigation level.Compared to mono-cropping crops, the economic yield of intercropping wheat with straw mulching was increased by 50.2%, 67.0%,68.4%, and the yield of intercropping wheat without straw mulching was increased by 35.3%,57.6%, 67.5% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively; the yield of corn in intercropping system with and without straw mulching was increased by 51.8%,57.7%,52.2% and 61.2%,54.6%,48.5% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively. Intercropping with straw mulching can significantly increase crop economic yield.2. The water use of wheat corn intercropping was increaed, and was significantly decreased in the intercropping systems with wheat straw mulching. The water use of intercropping increased with increasing amount of irrigation quota. Compared to mono-cropping crops the weighted average water use, the intercropping with straw mulching was increased by 34.6%,28.7%,29.8%, and the water use of intercropping without straw mulching was increased by 40.8%,38.9%,31.8% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively. Compared to the intercropping without straw mulching, the water use of intercropping with straw mulching was decreased by 7.8%,12.8%,3.8% at low, medium, high water irrigation level respectively. The intercropping with straw mulching can significantly decrease water use. In the intercropping systems with straw mulching and without straw mulching, the water use of high irrigation level increased 21.9%,11.5% and 16.4%,7.7% than low, medium irrigation level respectively.3. The WUE of wheat corn intercropping with straw mulching was significantly improved except the high irrigation rate. Compared to mono-cropping wheat and corn the weighted average WUE, the intercropping with straw mulching was increased by 6.5%,15.0%,13.2% and the intercropping without straw mulching was increased by 3.0%,11.1%,15.6% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively. Compared to the intercropping without straw mulching, the WUE of intercropping with straw mulching was increased by 8.0%, 4.3%,-1.5% at low, medium, high water irrigation level respectively, straw mulching can significantly increased the WUE of intercropping with lower irrigation level. In the intercropping systems with straw mulching and without straw mulching, the WUE of high irrigation level increased by 6.3%,-8.6% and by 16.6%,-3.3% than low, medium irrigation level respectively. The wheat corn intercropping with straw mulching can significantly improve WUE at the medium irrigation level.4. The mechanism which the intercropping with reduced tillage combined with straw mulching can increased significantly WUE was caused by increasing LAID and soil water content, decreasing E/ET and soil temperature. Compared to mono-cropping wheat and corn the weighted average LAID, the intercropping with straw mulching was increased by 28.7%,26.5%,26.0% and the intercropping without straw mulching was increased by 26.0%,25.7%,26.8% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively. Compared to mono-cropping wheat and corn the weighted average soil water content, the intercropping with straw mulching was increased by 4.9%,3.3%,2.7% and the intercropping without straw mulching was increased by 3.3%,1.6%,3.2% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively. Compared to mono-cropping wheat and corn the weighted average soil E/ET, the intercropping with straw mulching was decreased by 25.4%,21.0%, 20.8% and the intercropping without straw mulching was decreased by 29.6%,27.1%,23.1% at low, medium, high irrigation level respectively. Compared to the intercropping without straw mulching, soil temperature of intercropping with straw mulching was decreased 0.4℃,0.9℃,0.6℃. |
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