Study Of Bioactive Substances And Screening Of Actinomyces In Eastern Mountains Of Fushun

Fourty soil samples were collected from the Longgang Mountains, East Mountains of Huangqi Town, Monkey Forest Park of Muqi Town, Gunmaling of wandianzi Town and other regions in July 2008. The dilution plate method was used to separate Actinomycetes and selected the best strains as objective strain by primary and secondary screening in antagonism. The objective strain was identified in the aspects of morphological, cultural characteristics, cell wall chemical composition, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA molecular tests, and its fermentation medium and fermentation conditions were optimized by Studying carbon, nitrogen, temperature, the seed age, initial pH, inoculum size, rotation speed and the fermentation time. Seven pathogenic fungi and eight pathogenic bacterial were selected to determine antibacterial spectrum of objective strain.319 strains of Actinomycetes wered successfully isolated and belonged to seven genus: Streptomyces, Nocardia, Streptosporangium, Actinoplanes, Saccharopolyspora, Ampullariella and Micropolyspora, which mainly Streptomyces, Nocardia and Streptosporangium followed, Actinoplanes, Saccharopolyspora, Ampullariella and Micropolyspora less. Strains of Streptomyces belong to eight groups:Grey cinnamonic is the dominant groups and Isolation frequency reached 91.35%, Followed by the gray purpurin groups and Isolation frequency reached 82.15%. Gold groups were rarely and got only in the grassland.The number of soil Actinomycetes in Fushun Eastern Mountain is changed greatly with sampling soil environment. The number of Actinomycetes increased with organic matter content adding and is highest in pH near neutral soil.The morphological, culture characteristics, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA syndrome of XY-35 all met the requirements of the definition of Streptomyces gray purpurin groups. By single factor experiments and orthogonal test, the optimum fermentation conditions of Strain XY-35: yeast powder 2%, glucose 2%, NaCl 0.8%, CaCO₃ 0.2%, (NH)₂SO₄ 0.32%, Initial pH value 7.5, Fermentation temperature 28℃, Fermentation time 6 d, Shaking speed 160 r / min.Strain XY-35 is a broad spectrum antagonistic bacterial, which has inbibitional effect to seven kinds of Fungi and eight kinds of Bacteria. Secondary metabolites of strain XY-35 made the mycelia swollen, empty cell, the cytoplasm be condensed, hyphae be distorted and so on ,Which shows some bactericidal effect and the specific mechanism remains to be studied, and have broader outlook as a new research and development of antibiotics.