| The current study about sulfur fertilizer on wheat yield and improving the quality is not consistent at home and abroad, some of that has positive effect(Lanrent et al, 1992;Schnug et al, 1993), while some study shows negative effect(Zhao et al, 1999;Floot et al, 1993). Luo and some other reseachers(2000)suggest that there is no significant effect on wheat quality parameters in single application of sulfur fertilizer, otherwise it is a certain nitrogen-based. Yang An-zhong(2000)research shows that single application of sulfur fertilizer can increase the protein content of wheat grain, but in conditions of sulfur fertilizer changes of these indices in different spikelet and floret position has not been reported. This experiment refering to different winter wheat focuses on changes of protein content in different spikelet and floret position during wheat grain formation and that of quality and response to the application of sulfur fertilizer. In order to clarify mechanism of wheat grain quality adjustment in the application of sulfur fertilizer and to provide high quality cultural theory for different types of high quality wheat. The primary results were as follows:1. Effect of sulfur fertilization on floret development in different winter wheat cultivarsEffects of sulfur on the ear of wheat flower development due to different varieties, including the impact of the spikelet. LM12 and ZM21 is reduced, but do not reach significant levels, while JM20 and SN1391 are improved. The effect on the improvement of the florets is positive, and have achieved significant levels. The effects of sulfur on wheat sterile florets is that only SN1391 reached significant levels increasing the wheat florets, reducing sterile florets, thus increasing the wheat seed set, indicating effect of sulfur on the wheat spike flower development is positive to some extent.2. Effect of sulfur fertilization on the activities of key enzymes of sulphur assimilation in different winter wheat cultivarsIt depends on different varieties and different times, in addition to ZM12, the effect of sulfur increases activities of key enzymes of sulphur assimilation. Some results can also be seen that enzyme activity of root ATP-Sulfate increases greatly is 21 days after anthesis, indicating that the influence of sulfur fertilizer to be show in the soil is required to play a certain process. In a conclusion, sulfur fertilizer play a positive role in improving enzyme activity of ATP-Sulfate.3. Effect of sulfur fertilization on grain protein content in different winter wheat cultivars35 d after anthesis when the seeds are ripe, in addition to SN1391, the difference between the different spikelet grain protein content with sulfur fertilizer is larger than that with none treatment. As the same, grain protein content in both upper and middle ear is higher with sulfur fertilizer, but that in lower ear has no difference or little difference. According to the grain protein content analysis in different position, JM 20 and ZM12, sulfur fertilization can increase the protein content of their inferior grains. This shows that the sulfur fertilizers can reduce grain kernel quality differences in different spikelet and floret position of wheat and improve grain quality and uniformity.4. Effect of sulfur fertilization on the GMP content of winter wheat cultivarsEffects of Sulfur on GMP content of all the different varieties is consistent and all have increased grain GMP content. At the same time, LM21 and SN1391 is more sensitive to, changes in the rate is more. JM20 and ZM12 grain GMP content in different position change less, performing smooth, the former took greater accumulation on 7 day after anthesis, from then on it decreases rapidly, finally it keeps in the context of an smaller accumulation. while ZM12 maintaining a relatively constant accumulation in the lower level after filling in the whole process. LM21 and SN1391 GMP content performance in different floret position is equivalent to that in different spikelet position, sensitive to sulfur fertilizer. The results show that sulfur can be applied to improve the GMP content of wheat.5. Effect of sulfur fertilization on grain protein components in different winter wheat cultivarsDifferent effects of sulfur in comparison between gliadin content, effects of sulfur was slightly higher than that without the control of sulfur fertilizer. Glutenin content changes similarly. Sulfur fertilization treatment can improve gliadin and content of the two varieties to some extent. Therefore, the effect of sulfur is conducive to wheat gliadin and glutenin accumulation. It indicates that effect of sulfur on the accumulation of seed globulin is negative. At the same time it can be seen from the diagram, sulfur fertilize in the two varieties increases the content of albumin, and make the accumulation of them after flowering in the whole growth period both the same. Therefore, effect of sulfur on the accumulation of winter wheat grain albumin is beneficial.6. Effect of sulfur fertilization on sulfhydryl and disulfide content in different winter wheat cultivarsGrain sulfhydryl content in different varieties response to sulfur fertili- zation differently, performing higher than no handling of sulfur fertilizer treatment. Effects of sulfur on the top and not the central spikelet kernel sulfhydryl content was significantly lower than that of sulfur treatment, and in the lower spikelet position effect of sulfur on sulfhydryl content between grain has less or no difference. Changes of sulfhydryl content in different floret position also show higher than that without sulfur handling. To grain maturity, grain in the upper spikelet position in middle ear was significantly lower than that in the strong effect of sulfur treatment, indicating an increase of sulfhydrylcontent with sulfur fertilizer in upper spikelet kernel and middle floret position. It Aslo can increase disulfide content in different position. How much the effect is due to different varities. Sulfur fertilizers could increase the content of their inferior grains of disulfide bonds.7. Effect of sulfur fertilization on test weight, grain weight and the process of grain weigh in different winter wheat cultivarsSulfur fertilization have no significant effect on grain weight and test weight of the two cultivars, but in this experiment sulfur fertilization has negative effect on test weight and grain weight..Thus effect of sulfur for the improvement of grain weight and the bulk density is negative.8. Effect of sulfur fertilization on grain quality in different winter wheat cultivarsAfter sulfur fertilization, JM20, LM21 and SN1391, the dough develop- ment time was significantly longer, among them Jimai reaches a significant level. About dough stability time only JM20 reached a significant level, the others do not in the control treatment. As for evaluation value of the index for the silty, JM20, LM21, ZM12 and SN1391 were all significantly higher in the treatment effect of sulfur. Effects of sulfur can improve the wet gluten content of wheat grain, which ZM12 and LM21 was significant, SN139 reaches a greatly significant level. The results show that application of sulfur can improve the processing quality of wheat grain. |
PDF Full Text Request