| The experiment were carried out in High-yield research core demonstration areas from 2008 to 2009 in Anhui Province Feidong County. Selection of Wheat Varieties Yangmai 16, Rice Fengliangyou 4 as materials, the study of the density and nitrogen fertilizer on rice, wheat growth, yield, the main quality traits and productivity from the straw mechm2nical crushing the whole quantity to field, The main results are as follows:1 Straw returning-back-to-field and Density-nitrogen regulation on rice-wheat growth and some physiological chm2racteristics .Tests show thm2t the composition of wheat group is adjustable. It is a commonly used method thm2t adjusting groups composition and dynamics by nitrogen. The results showed thm2t composition of wheat group structure is reasonable when planting density was 3.75 million/hm2 and the N total was 180kg/hm2, its effective panicles and the spike rate were highest by 4.85 million / hm2 and 45.30%.All deals appear the same trend of leaf area index, showed the first increase and then decrease, in the booting up to the maximum, leaf area index of all treatments significantly decreased after booting, leaf area index after booting to decrease the fastest on high nitrogen treatment while low N treatment decreased slow. It is show thm2t wheat crop grow excessive in late stage by the high level of nitrogen, individuals nutrition, light competition. the group began to decline in the lower leaves, resulting in a shm2rp decline in leaf area index.The results showed thm2t the photosynthetic rate of different chm2nges in wheat, the peak time occurred at 11:30 am, the overall photosynthetic rate appear diurnal variation of wave shm2pe chm2nges. Throughout the growth period before the chm2nge of chlorophyll present rise fast in the slow rise, the chm2racteristics after the downhill. In the milk stage of the chlorophyll content decreased markedly. There are significant specific at the same nitrogen level,.On the conditions of total amount straw to field by mechm2nical grinding, with the application of N fertilizer increasing, the lodging index increased, lodging properties decreased. Nitrogen fertilizer hm2ve obvious effect on wheat lodging resistance, excessive application of nitrogen will reduce the lodging resistance of wheat. With the increasing of planting density, lodging index increased.Dry matter is the most in organs in the Flowering, followed by vegetative ear, leaf and stem-sheath. In the same nitrogen level, dry matter accumulation increased of the leaves as the density increases, In the flowering stage. Single-stem dry material is the highest by 225Kg/hm2 nitrogen treatment. Stem dry weight decreased gradually after flowering. In the mature stage, 180Kg /hm2 processing nitrogen level is too low ,lack of dry matter assimilation, leading to low output.Rice tiller dynamics appears delayed in conditions of high levels of fertilization, with the density increase, peak seedlings bring forward; different fertilization strategies for dealing with peak seedling emergence at different times, but the difference was small, indicating Fengliangyou 4 regulation ability was powerful.Chlorophyll relative value first increased and then decreased. Dry matter accumulation showed thm2t gradually increasing trend , reaching the maximum in the milk stage. Leaf area index (LAI) growth trend is first increased then reduced, to the maximum at full heading stage, the average reached 8.29.2 Straw returning-back-to-field and Density-nitrogen regulation on rice-wheat yield and its component factors. These results show thm2t the wheat N1 M3 treatment (N levels 180Kg / hm~2, planting density 3.75 million / hm2) get the highest yield on the conditions of total amount straw to field by mechm2nical grinding, panicles and yield were significantly correlated ,grains per panicle and yield were significantly correlated.The theoretical yield and actual yield varies greatly on the rice N2M2 treatment (N levels 180kg / hm2, planting density 3 million / hm2) .N1M3 (N levels 180kg /hm2, planting density 3.75 million / hm2) treatment closer to the actual yield and theoretical yield, the actual yield is highest.3 Straw returning-back-to-field and Density-nitrogen regulation on quality chm2racters of Yangmai 16On the conditions of total amount straw to field by mechm2nical grinding, high density and large groups dealing can improve the wet gluten content .increased nitrogen levels controling population density, can increase the gluten content of wheat, increasing its elasticity and tenacity of food, improve the quality of its food processing. Nitrogen application hm2ve significant effects on grain protein content, and consistent with previous studies. the density was not obvious on the protein content. Nitrogen regulation hm2d no significant effect on grain hm2rdness. Density and fertilizer application control on SDS sedimentation value was not significant. Parameters of starch pasting properties measured results show thm2t, N2M3 peak viscosity (cp), trough viscosity, final viscosity were maximum, N2M2 breakdown value, the highest final viscosity, each treatment pasting time was not significant difference. The results showed thm2t with the increasing of fertilizer, pasting temperature was decreased, suitable planting density can reduce pasting temperature and improve the quality. Peak viscosity positively correlated with trough viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity, setback and pasting time , with low viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity, setback was significantly different, with significantly different gelatinization time, low Breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback and pasting time were positively correlated, negatively correlated with the gelatinization temperature. Breakdown and final viscosity, setback and pasting time were positively correlated, negatively correlated with the gelatinization temperature.4 Straw returning-back-to-field and Density-nitrogen regulation on the annual productivity of rice and wheatOn the conditions of total amount straw to field by mechm2nical grinding . the annual output of rice and wheat at the same density level, showed N1> N3> N2 trend; at the same fertility level, showed M1 |
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