Screen, Identify And Study Of Promotion Effects Of The Phosphate-dissolving Fungi From Vineyards Of Northwest China

Some soil microorganisms dissolving and transforming insoluble phosphate to soluble phosphorus, which help increasing phosphorus that uptook by plants and promoting the growth of plants, we call these microorganisms: Phosphate-dissolving microorganisms. Phosphate-dissolving microorganisms can be used to improve the soil environment, and also increase the content of available phosphorus in soil. They are environmentally friendly and effective microbial fertilizer.This experiment use the Vineyard soil of Northwest China as samples to select phosphate dissolving fungi, testing and comparing phosphate solubilizing capacity of them. Three AM fungi and five phosphate dissolving fungi were selected and studied. The five were selected from the 20 phosphate dissolving fungi that have been screened out , and the three AM fungi were provided by College of Enology. The main results are as follows:20 phosphate-dissolving fungi (not including AM fungi) were screened out from five grape producing area of Northwest China: Shanxi Jing Yang 3; Shaanxi Yangling 3; Shanxi Yongji 9; Gansu Moga 3 and Gansu Wuwei 2 respectively. From the soil samples of Yinchuan, Ningxia province and Jiayuguan, Gansu province, did not isolate any phosphate solubilizing fungi.Use inorganic phosphorus as medium to do initial screening, and got 8 phosphate solubilizing fungi which have stronger abilities in solubilizing inorganic phosphate. Shaanxi Jingyang has two: JY-B, JY-C; Yangling has two: YL-D, YL-F; Shanxi Yongji has only one: YJ-7, and Gansu Mo has three:MG-(1 ), MG-(2), MG-(3).Do molecular identification of the five phosphate solubilizing fungi used in this experiment (except AM fungi). The results are as follows: MG-(1), YL-D and YJ-7 are Aspergillus phoenicis, JY-B is Aspergillus aculeatus, YL-F is Penicillium funiculosum.Determine 11 relevant indicators every four weeks. and the results showed that: three AM fungi (GM,GI,GV) are all better than both the normal strain and CK in promotion effects. Overall, the five phosphate-dissolving fungi also have a better perform than CK in promotion effect of Red- globe grape. Compared with CK, the promotion effects the five phosphate dissolving fungi and the three AM fungi are mainly reflected in the increases of grape roots dry weight and total phosphorus contents of plants which increased at lest 21.6 % more than CK after 28 days inoculated with phosphate-dissolving fungi and AM fungi.