Study On Main Diseases Of Pistacia Vera In China

Pistachio is a tree of high economic value. In 90's of last century, several good pistachio varieties,such as Kerman, Peters, were introduced to Beijing, Hebei, Gansu, Xinjiang, in China, and several demonstration park were established. Leaf brown spot, Branch gummosis, fruit rot and leaf withered were the most serious diseases on Pistachio in China.Through pathogenicity assay, morphological characters and molecular identification, A. alternaria was identified as the pathogen of leaf brown spot, with the same pathogen of Late blight which was reported in foreign countries. The sensitivities of A. alternaria to 5 frequently-used fungicides were determined in vitro. Results showed that Difenoconazole had relatively higher activity against mycelial growth of A. alternaria and the Chlorothalonil had the highest negative effect on spore germination.Through pathogenicity assay, morphological characters and molecular identification, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was identified as the pathogen of the Branch gummosis and the Fruit rot, this is the first report of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on pistachio (Pistacia vera).Through nutrient diagnosis of soil, irrigation water, leaves, high saltness was identified as the reason of leaf withered which broke out in August in Gangu.