Chum Salmon' Habitat Survey And The Feasibility Of Restroration In Wusuli River

This paper assesses the habitat environmental quality of Chum salmon in Wusuli river. In section of Hutou, section of Raohe, section of Haiqing, and in the left bank of Chinese tributary Wusuli River like Naolihe River, Dumuhe River, Abuqinhe River, Qihulihe River, set up 7 sites, sampling about October 2010 and about May 2010, and snspect the local environment, sample water and analysis the phusical and chemical properties of water, and collect the plankton samples and classfy it. Evaluate water quality, we use comprehensive pollution index, zooplankton and phytoplankton, we use Shannon Wiener index to evaluate, and then we use HSI model and IFIM model to evaluate the habitat quality in Wusuli River, finally, for the Wusuli River salmon habitat destruction, give some advises about restoration.In the survey, water temperature, alkalinity, hardness, pH, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, permanganate index, ammonia and other related indices were measured, use the integrated pollution index to evaluate water quality. The result is that in the main river of Wusuli River, Hutou section, Raohe section, Haiqing section, COD of the water quality is excessive, the others are in the normal range, the evaluation results are light pollution, the right bank of the Wusuli River tributary in China, Naolihe River, Dumuhe River, Abuqinhe River, Qihulihe River, are the same results, light pollution.Phytoplankton communities consist of diatoms, green algae, cyanobacteria, hidden algae, bare algae, dinoflagellates, golden algae. Dominant species are:boat-shaped needle bar algae, elbow-sahped needle bar algae, few sticks hair to be algae, different with the season change. The Shannon-Wiener index is 1.033, according to river aquatic life evaluation criteria, water quality is moderately polluted, not the same as the result of zooplankton, first, the HSI is an average, represents spring and autumn, but rather in summer, the phytonplankton species is the most in the year, compare to results of zooplankton and water quality evaluation, the results of zooplankton to be accurate.In the HSI survey,23 species of zooplankton were detected,4 protozoa which account for 17.39%; rotifers,14 species account for 60.87%; Cladocera,3 species, account for 13.03%; Copepods and their nauplii,2 species, account for 8.7%, we can see from the results that the main rotifer species composition of zooplankton is rotifer. The Shannon-Wiener index is 1.51, obtained by biological assessment of water quality standards, combined with the number of zooplankton species, comfirm that the water quality is slightly polluted.Using HSI models to assess the upstream and downstream migration period environment in Wusuli River, the result is:Hutou is 1.0, suitable habitat; Raohe is 0.9, suitable habitat; Haiqing is 0.85, suitable habitat; Naoli River is 0.92, suitable habitat; Dumu River is 0.7, sub- suitble habitat; Abuqin River is 0.93, suitable habitat; Qiheli River is 0.91, suitable habitat.Using IFIM model to assess the chum salmon upstream and downstream migration period environment qulity, the results are:Hutou is 0.8, suitble habitat; Raohe is 0.89, suitable habitat; Haiqing is 0.89, suitable habitat; Naoli River is 0, non-suitble habitat; Dumu River is 0.8, suitable habitat; Abuqin River is 0, non-suitble habitat; Qihuli Riveris 0, non-suitble habitat. The two assessment results, model of IFIM is more accurate, because it considers the flow velocity, water depth and sediment compostion.The result of the evaluation is that sediment compositon is the main problem, to the problem, we give some advices to recover.