| Ginseng, a long history Chinese herbal medicine in China, has effects of nourishing strength, solid off the fluid, tranquilize the nerves, heal injured wasting, eat less, fatigue and so on. With the advancement of technology and development of modern medicine, ginseng has been more and more applied in health care, medical, cosmetology and so on. With the effect of ginseng growing much international attention, however, it also appeared on over-exploitation and cultivation of ginseng, as the result the wild ginseng is a lack of resource, because of the cropland of ginseng cultivation can no longer be used in a few years or even decades, so artificial ginseng cultivation wasted natural land resources. Using Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated genetic transformation of ginseng to obtain the hairy roots of ginseng which can be effective in improving this situation. Ginseng hairy root is independent organ of its own ginseng, it can rapidly grow and synthesize secondary metabolites, which has characteristics of fast growth, hormone self-support, genetic stability, and easy-to large-scale cultivation. As hairy root can also synthesize secondary metabolites, and the yield is more than some perennial planting ginseng, so the use of ginseng hairy roots to produce secondary metabolites is favored. Also because its growth cycle is short, fast, quick and easy to meet people with the active ingredients of ginseng, to more effectively use in industrial research and the provision of primary raw materials. Currently, the plant bioreactor researches are more about large area of farming on transgenic plants and access to industrial production, while the use of hairy roots as a bioreactor can effectively save land resources, and it has a short cycle of fast growth characteristics that the other plant bioreactors are not available. The applications that hairy roots as a bioreactor to obtain a large number of secondary metabolites should be widely used in engineering by large-scale production, which provide a lot of raw materials for drug and medical cause, in addition, the Ri plasmid can also have a certain effect to put the foreign protein gene into the genome of hairy roots in a large number of its expression and production for the purpose of producing foreign proteins, to meet the needs of the active ingredient which is significant effective and exiguous.The large-scale cultivation in order to provide experimental basis for hairy roots, the experiments studied on the induction conditions of Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4. The results showed that when the OD600=0.6 used knife to scratch the ginseng roots for infection, induced the highest rate of 87%. In addition to optimize the cultivation of hairy roots and propagation culture conditions, shows that the optimum medium was MS medium, the best pH value is 6.0, the best culture temperature is 25℃. In this study, a PCR method to detect the genome of hairy roots, the results confirmed Ri plasmid rolC were successfully transferred to the hairy roots genome, and the conversion rate of 100%, that is, those who grow a hairy root with the same morphology and physiological characteristics as the Ri plasmid of hairy roots were successfully transformed hairy roots.In order to study the relationship between this hairy root which is a special organ of ginseng and the planting ginseng root, this study examined the physiological and biochemical indexes of the ginseng hairy roots, and compared with the different position of planting ginseng root, the results showed that: the liquid culture of hairy roots in the free amino acids and soluble sugar content were than more cultivated ginseng taproot, which demonstrated the liquid culture media could supply adequate nutrition, metabolism strong; and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) of hairy roots was less than the basal leaf from root and fibrous in cultivate ginseng, indicating that ginseng hairy roots were less stressed by the external environment, and no toxic effects of free radicals.Primary liver cancer is the highest rates of cancer mortality in the world, currently the surgical treatment for liver cancer excision is the primary method, and supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but generally when the liver cancer foundation is mostly in advanced, even if the surgical resection of the lesions still have a high recurrence rate, and the radiotherapy and chemotherapy always brought great suffering for patients, so the use of traditional Chinese medicine theory and Chinese medicine as the adjuvant therapy has brought into focus recent years. The results showed that the ginsenoside have the anti-cancer effect, it could able to improve the body's own immune system to fight the cancer cells, and also could induce the cancer cells apoptosis to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. The present study used total ginsenoside(TSPG) on the inhibitory effect of HepG2 hepatoma cells, the results confirmed that TSPG on the inhibition rate of HepG2 were positively correlated with the concentration of administration, and compared the TSPG from hairy root and different parts of ginseng root in the inhibitory effect of saponins on HepG2. The results showed that:both of hairy root TSPG and the ginseng roots TSPG had the same inhibitory effect, and the TSGP of hairy roots were slightly stronger than the othert, that affirmative the activity of secondary metabolites in hairy roots, indicating that ginseng hairy roots can replace the cultivate ginseng to product the secondary metabolites and provide a theoretical basis for mass production.In this study, we used the TSPG of hairy root to inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 hepatoma cells by for the first time, which provided a theoretical basis and foundation for large-scale production of hairy root and the activity TSPG, in addition, there was animal test to further explore the the pharmacological activity of TSPG in hairy roots. Besides, there are still some experiments have to study, such as to find suitable bioreactor, to large-scale cultivate the ginseng hairy roots, and to resolve the impact of shear stress on the hairy roots. The problems of substrate, supply time and speed, the oxygen supplies and so on are still needed to study.
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