Structure And Function Of The Androgenic Gland In Portunus Trituberculatus

Crab (Portunus trituberculatus) is member of a large class (Crustacea), it's an important seafood for export and sale in domestic market. The research on the Portunus trituberculatus develop is an important content of improve the breed aquatics and it can increase economic efficiency.The location,morphology,microstructule and ultrastructure of the androgenic gland of Portunus trituberculatus were studied with anatomical lens ,tissue section and electron microscope,on the basis of this,the relation between androgenic gland and paired testis and spermatogenesis were studied;tissue culture adopted to research the relation between androgenic gland and paired testis and spermatogenesis. The results showed that a pair of androgenic glands were located on the surface of the ejaculatory duct.The developmental cytology of the gland cells can be distinctly devided into three stages : proliferation phase , synthesis phase and secretion phase. The gland secreted in a holocrine fashion,It had two types of cells:type A and type B.Type A had nucleus rich in euchromatin,it had a large number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Type B had nucleus rich in heterochromation, karyopyknosis. In proliferation phase the androgenic glands were short and the glandular cells were of small amount, it had a distinct cell boundary, In synthesis phase the androgenic glands were bigger than that in proliferation phase,and the glands took on a cord-figure, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were well developed,it had most of type A cells.In the prophase of the secretion phase, the androgenic glands were still big , it had most of type B cells,in the anaphase of the secretion phase, the androgenic glands were smaller,and part of them were broken off,the cells had many vacuoles.It showed that there was close relation between the development of androgenic gland and paired testis and spermatogenesis. In synthesis phase, the clitellum was primary spermatocyte and secondary spermatocyte.In secretion phase,the testiswas the biggest,and the clitellum was spermatid and sperm,after reproduced,the androgenic gland was in the state of degeneration. Tissue culture showed that there was close relation between the development of androgenic gland and paired testis. Spermatogenesis and testis development can be accelerated by androgenic gland.