Evaluation On Key Technology Of Fungi Infection-induced Aloes-forming Effect And Preliminary Research On The Mechanism Of The Eaglewood Formation

Chinese eaglewood is the fragrant wood of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.)Gilg. (Thymelaeaceae). Eaglewood has been used as traditional antiemetic, analgesic, digestive and tonic in China, India and other southeast Asian countries. Meanwhile, it often used to make advanced perfume, senior soap, senior essence etc. Aquilaria sinensis is the unique resource of Chinese eaglewood in China. Eaglewood produced by damaged or stimulated, these naturally formed resin generally cost more than thirty years. For meeting the demand of market, many artificial methods were used for inducing the oleoresin. And never stopped to explore the mechanism of the eaglewood formation.Black resins formed in the heartwood parts of eaglewood, people need to cut down trunk in order to find out the resin, which lead to a large number of trees were cut down. It is useless because of the softness of the wood, Aquilaria sinensis itself and its leaves, peel, and seeds were treated as wastes. The experiment is fully analyaed the chemical composition of the leaf, peel, seeds and edgeworthia site. A large number of characteristic elements of A. sinensis were detected for the first time: The chloroform extract from peel of A. sinensis performed significantly antitumor activity. These lay a new foundation of reasonable exploration and utilization of A. sinensis resources.As far, the mechanism of the eaglewood formation is still an enigma although some fungi were considered closely associate with the formation of eaglewood. The study adopted a new"biological method"–atraumatic"Holes drip method", which can both exclude tissue suffer from physical damage and avoid infection from exogenous environmental microorganism. The dynamic changes on chemical composition of resins formed process and endophytic fungi by using GC-MS analysis technique and molacular biology technique have abtained dynamic regularity and screened predominant endophyte. Concurrently, we have eatablished an GC method for determing the content of benzylactone, then laid a foundation of comprehensive evalution system for eaglewood quality.We choose Fusarium sp. for making artificial resins formed test, which belong to Ascomycotion and easily abtained from A. sinensis. Diversity of endophytic fungi from leaves of inoculated A. sinensis was studied by sequencing of the internal transcribed space (ITS) region of fungal ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Twenty-eight sequences were obtained and identified as Collectrotrichum sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Phomopsis sp., Guignardia sp., Aspergillus sp., Sclerotinia sp., Ascomycete sp., etc. Collectrotrichum sp., Pestalotiopsis sp. and Phomopsis sp.were the dominant species which respectively accounting 35.7%,10.7%,7.14% of all. While ten sequences were obtained from leaves of A. sinensis and identified as Collectrotrichum sp., Mycosphaerella sp., Ramichloridium sp.,etc. Both of the endophytic fungi community has only Collectrotrichum sp., which shows remarkable difference between before and after the forming of resins in endophytic fungi composition. The results infer that it had broken original ecology environment after inoculate Fusarium sp., and then come into being more new kinds of endophytic fungi group.