Transfer Herbicide Glyphosate Resistant (EPSPs) Gene And Citrate Synthase (CS) Gene Into Rice

Rice is one of the most important crops, and the staple food for about half of people in the world. Weed damage is one of the major causes of yield losses. It is indispensable to modernized agriculture to control weed by using herbicide. However, herbicide also injures crops while killing weeds.Phosphorus (P) is a necessary macronutrient for plant growth and development, which plays an important role in plant photosynthesis, respiration and all the other major metabolic processes. However, low available phosphate is the most common characterization of soils in the world.Plant secreting citrate acid in roots to activate the unavailable inorganic phosphorus into available form has been studied. Glyphosate inhibits 5-enolpyruvylshikimate -3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs), a nuclear-encoded chloroplast-localized enzyme in the shikimic acid pathway of plants and microorganisms. The artificial synthesized herbicide glyphosate resistant (EPSPs) gene and citrate synthase (CS) gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa were respectively introduced into a japonica variety Zhonghua 11 and an elite indica restorer line Minghui 86 by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in this study. The main results were as follows:1 By screening on suitable P supply concentration for study on P nutrition deficiency was determined as 30～60 mg/kg, And out of the four indica variety Minghui 86, 93-11, ZS 97 and Minghui 63, Minghui 86 was decided as P sensitive variety.2 The tolerance to glyphosate of japonica Zhonghua 11 at the callus level was investigated as 600 mg/L by glyphosate sensitivity test, which was a referrence for another rice variety resistance selection.3 EPSPs, The artificial synthesized herbicide glyphosate resistant gene, was transferred into japonica Zhonghua 11 by ,Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Dates from PCR and Southern blotting showed that the glyphosate resistant gene was integrated into 87 T₀ plants out of 138 regenerated plants. The plants of T₀ generation of Zhonghua 11 were spread with herbicide Roundup on both surfaces of their leaves, The result displayed an increasing resistance to glyphosate, compared to non-transgenic plants. The segregation of glyphosate resistance of T₁ generation plants sprayed with the herbicide Roundup during the seedling speriod was observed in greenhouse.4 The herbicide glyphosate resistant (EPSPs) gene and citrate synthase (CS) gene...