Crossbreeding Of Preliminary Study In Petunia Hybrida

Petunia hybrida is an annual or biennial herbaceous flower , and the provenance is South America. It is used a lot and called king of parterre because of the large, colorful flower and long bloom duration. However, most of the cultivars of Petunia in China are imported with high price, so it is necessary to develop our own breeding system of Petunia. In this study, the crossbreeding is the lead line. Preliminary selection of excellent cross combination 29 cross combinations with good ornamental traits and regular phenotype was preliminarily selected according to the analysis of main ornamental traits, regularity of F₁ generations, analysis of combining ability(incomplete diallel crosses)and heredity of quality character (color of flower) . And tissue culture was carried out to study indoor storage system of the cross parents. The main results were presented as following:1. Selection of self-cross Pedigree method and breeding of individual plant was developed to select 23 different ornamental traits, which is a basis work for further cross breeding.2. Indoor storage of parents In the study , leaf regeneration was experiment on several inbred lines with more generations and stabile characters, we found the best basal medium is MS and 0.1mg/L NAA and 2mg/L BA and 0.4 mg/L Thia , and the subculture growing on that with a high regeneration rate of more than 80%.3. Analysis of heterosis The main ornamental characters such as flower size, No. of flower, plant size, plant height, No. of branches of F₁ overstep their parents obviously in representation except length of stalk in the germination experiment on parents and their progeny. The heterosis of No. of flower and plant size are tiptop. The germination rate of 58.3% are hither than their parents of the 12 F₁ generations in the germination experiment on parents and their progeny which indicate that there are obvious heterosis in erminating rate of F₁ in petunia.4. Preliminary selection of excellent cross combination. 29 cross combinations with good ornamental traits and regular phenotype was preliminarily selected according to the analysis of main ornamental traits, regularity of F₁ generations, analysis of combining ability(incomplete diallel crosses)and heredity of quality character(color of flower). They are H×M,H×Y,H×W,H×Pink flower,I×S,I×Y,M×H,M×I,M×S,M×Y,N×S,S×I,S×M,S×W,S×Pink flower,S×White flower,Y×H,Y×I,Y×W,Y×Pink flower,W×H,W×M,9×I,9×Y, 9×Pink flower,Pink flower×9,Pink flower×M,Pink flower×Y,White flower×H etc.