The Biodiversity Research On The Recovering Mountainous Grassland Ecosystem In XinJiang

Selecting the grassland fencing to monitor on-the-spot field the typical mountainous lawn in Xinjiang: Down-land, Sub-downland, Subalpine meadow and Alpine meadow, studies the grassland impact of fencing on the plant community, the soil microorganisms, the soil animals, the soil physicochemical properties, etc. Then through the above-mentioned several indexes, estimate the contribution of the grassland fencing on the local grassland recovery and reconstruction works. This article has made the following main conclusions:1. After fenced, the plant biodiversity inside is lower than that outside. But the other ecology indexes inside on the plant community are higher than that outside, for example: plant aboveground biomass, plant height, plant coverage, plant frequency, etc. So the fencing is beneficial for the local livestock husbandry of further development.2. After fenced, the ecology indexes inside are higher than that outside. That improves the fertility and the soil physicochemical properties, for example: the water content of soils, the organic matter of soils, the total nitrogen of soils, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen of soils, etc. So that provides a bigger space for the plant roots and the better condition for the soil microorganisms and the soil animals.3. After fenced, the soil microorganisms amount inside is higher than that outside. It has the obvious interrelation between the soil microorganisms and the soil physicochemical properties. The soil bacteria' percentage is the highest in the soil microorganisms composition, but the soil fungi ' is the lowest. The surface layer is higher than the lower layer in the vertical distribution of the soil microorganisms. The surface gathers property is obvious. It gradually decreases in the soil distribution along with the depth.4. After fenced, the group number, the individual number and the biodiversity of the soil animals inside is higher than that outside. It has the obvious interrelation between the soil animals and the soil physicochemical properties. Nematode is the dominant group in the typical mountainous lawns. It has the common group and the different group. The surface layer is higher than the lower layer in the vertical distribution of the soil animals. The surface gathers property is obvious. It gradually decreases in the soil distribution along with the depth.