| 4 winter wheats were selected: Yuanfeng 998 (recent variety), Xiaoyan 6 (recent variety), Xiannong 39 (middle period variety), Baimangmai (previous variety). Each variety was divided into 2 different weight grades, having 3 kinds of ways of sowing: small seed sowed alone (SA-S) or big seed sowed alone (SA-B), and sowed together (ST, 7:7); having 4 fertilization treatments: no fertilizer (CK), applying nitrogen (N), applying phosphorus (P) and mixing nitrogen and phosphorus (NP) at the same time, carrying on the pot experiment to study the impact on characteristics of biological and photosynthesis, nutrition efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus of winter wheat. The main results showed as follows:1. There was a remarkable difference and significant interaction of plant height between varieties, seed size and fertilization (p<0.01). Yuanfeng 988 was the highest of different varieties during seedling stage and before wintering; Baimangmai was the highest during filling stage, previous variety was higher than recent variety. The average plant height of ST was higher than SA during seedling stage. Plant height of big seed increase 11% than small seed of ST; plant height of big seed was higher than small seed remarkably of SA and ST during seedling stage and before wintering, but the difference disappeared during filling stage.2. Treatments of variety, seed size and fertilization affect tillers and total green areas of wheat significantly. Tillers of Baimangmai, Yuanfeng29 and Xiaoyan 6 changed between 4.37n/plant and 4.74n/plant; both P and NP increase the tillers. Tillers of Big seed were more than small seed of different varieties. The total green area of Yuanfeng998 was the biggest, and Baimangmai was the lowest; the total green area of NP plant was bigger than other fertilization treatments.3. There was a remarkable difference of leaf SPAD between different fertilization and varieties, and no significant difference between seed size. There was a remarkable...
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