Preliminary Studies And Breeding On Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Three-line Of Gossypium Hirsutum L.

The breeding research on "three-line" (steriler, maintainer, restorer) of cotton cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), is an important way to improve the yield and quality of upland cotton and to utiliz heterosis. The trends of three-line hybrid cotton breeding and production in the near future is to develop new cytoplasmic sterile lines to screen cotton three-line high heterosis combinations broadly, to produce seeds efficiently by utilizing three-line method.We found the fertility segregation phenomenon in the of cross between Gossypium hirsutum L (upland cotton). and G. thurherii D. progenies. Based on the cross between bred three CMS sterilers of upland cotton 98-38S, 8933S, T458S were bred by selecting sterile plants and backcrossing multi-generation. Any one variety of Gossypium hirsutum L are the complete maintainer to the sterile line. And bred a Gossypium hirsutum L CMS restorer M4074 were bred by selecting fertile plants selfing constantly and testcross sceening individual by individual.Two types of cytoplasm of CMS three-line, G. harknessii B. and Gossypium hirsutum L, were used to study the differences of five traits of flower organs preliminarily, which include length of sepal, diameter, shape, size and the number of anther. The results indicated that the there existed some differences between flower organs of the two types of CMS, the levels of significance varied with different materials and flowering time. We could not compare their real differences of the types of CMS, other than the traits of their anthers number, their differences of the same materials in different flowering time, because of the different materials in the same flowering time and in different flowering time were not in consistent of performances.