Study On Soil And Water Conservation In Moving The Topsoil To Cultivate Fertility Project Of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

When Three Gorges Reservoir builds up in 2009, the water level before dam will reach to 175 meters, which can submerge twenty four thousand and one hundred hectare lands of bank between 139 to 175 meters. The topsoils of bank that will be submerged are the elite soil of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and are the important resources can't reborn. It has fertility soil, deep soil layer, good yield condition, and high output.Moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project of Three Gorges Reservoir Area is moving the topsoil of bank between 139-175 meters to the poor land which have facility transportation, elevation in more than 182 meter and 5 kilometers far away the bank, building terrace to increase land area, enhance hand quality and appropriate setting immigrates in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project of Three Gorges Reservoir Area divided into two period implements totally, the first period is already completed, and the second period will begin in 2008.This paper take Three Gorges Reservoir Area moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project as an example, aim at the characteristic of plan and design in moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project, to compare the plan, consummate and optimize the design, analyze the water loss and soil erosion problem in Three Gorges Reservoir Area moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project, make the move of soil steady to become permanence ecosystem farmland and three protect farmland that protect soil, water and fertility, protect soil resources. At the same time, make plan and design more deeply, enhance the science and rationality of plan and design, overcome subjective and random, make the plan and design correspond to practice. Summarize experience and provide perfect techniques and manage measures for the second period of moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, make Three Gorges Reservoir Area moving the topsoil to cultivate fertility project can obtain the better ecosystem performance, economic performance and social performance.