Study On The Cultivation Techniques Of Tulip Cut-Flower For High Efficiency In Sunlight Greenhouse

Imposing the research of the boxing ground substances, covering to the differentfurrow, dealing with gibberellin's and environmental factor inside and outside sunlightgreenhouse, we have probed into it to the growing and impact on output and quality of theTulip cut flower, in the meantime summarizing the daily changing pattern about the mainenvironmental factor of sunlight greenhouse and the influence to culture of tulip cut flowerin the sunlight greenhouse under different weather conditions, the result are as follows:1 Effect of the boxing ground substances on the growth of the tulip cut flower(1) It was of great effect that different formula and treatment of the ground substanceson the growth of root system to the tulip, the pure saw-dust helps to take root even more,comparing to garden soil, the remarkable level to the length and quantity of roots of twotulip varieties 'World Favorite' and 'Golden Apeldoorn' have been reached under eachtreatment, there are no remarkable predominance while treated between the formula ofsaw-dust: Soil (2:1) and (1:1).(2) The height of stem, growth duration and succeeding flowering rate of the tulipbetween the different treatment of cultural ground substances are variant, specifically theformula of saw-dust: Soil (2:1) and saw-dust: Soil (1:1) make the stems of these twovarieties the highest, all reach the remarkable level; the growth duration are shortest Withinthe treatment of formula of the saw-dust: Soil (2:1),saw-dust: Soil (1:1) and the puresaw-dust, the succeeding flowering rate is relatively high.(3) There are some differences of succeeding flowering rate and growth duration also.The growth duration of tulip are shorter under the treatment of formula of saw-dust: Soil(2:1), saw-dust: Soil(1:1) and the pure saw-dust. The succeeding flowering rates arerelatively high, 2 days ahead of time in florescence, and are raised by 1%—5%. 2. The different effect on the quality, growth and development of tulip cut flower bydifferent covering to the furrow.By the study on the effect of some aspect, especially on the root system of the Tulip,the quality of the cut flower, and florescence, etc, the result shows that:(1) The tulips take roots very fast in earlier stage in the two treatments of coveringimmediately with 70% sunshade double layers net and no covering after planting(CK).Thequantity and length of root initiation are more and longer comparing to immediately plasticmulching, the difference of the length is almost 1 cm. It has been proved that it can notablyincrease the root length and root weight, and also can shorten growth duration by mulchingwith mulching film after budding or in the time of planting.(2) It is of great effect on the growth duration of tulip between the two treatment ofplastic mulching in the time of planting and after budding, compared with contrast, 6 daysand 4 days ahead of time respectively.(3) And it is of great effect between the two treatment of plastic mulching in the timeof planting and after budding. The height of the stem is 39.7 cm and 41.6 cm respectively,compared with contrast, drops 7.8cm and 5.9cm accordingly. It doesn't have any influenceto the germination percentage and blooming rate of the tulip obviously.(4) Overall, it plays a distinct important role in control of florescence that mulchingwith sunshade net after planting of tulip up to root age period and plastic mulching beforebudding, and it is correlated with ground temperature.3. The effect on the florescence and quality of tulip by Gibberellins.(1) It is of great impact in growth duration to the tulip to spray some Gibberellins suchas GA400mg/kg and GA200mg/kg on the surface of the leaves; it cans decurt for 5 daysand 3 days separately in the growth duration of tulip.(2) It is high and of great impact to the height of the stem of tulip to sprayGA400mg/kg and GA200mg/kg on the surface of leaves.The height of the stem nearly increases by 6.5 and 3cm respectively. It also canrelatively effect larger on the flower bulbs of Tulips, especially on the length of flowerbulbs. There is no distinct effect and difference on the stem diameter and flowering rate. 4. The research of the photosynthesis of the tulip cut flower in the sunlight greenhouse.The effect of temperature, illumination and stomata conductance on the leavesphotosynthetic efficiency of three tulip varieties were examined by using living bodymeasurements in sunlight greenhouse. The results indicate as follow:The changes of net photosynthetic rate of three varieties of the tulip ('Ad Rem'),('World' s Favorite') and ('Gander' s Rhapsody') are hyperbolic curve with timevarying in a day, "The mid-day depressions of Photosynthesis are obvious.(1) The temperature and illumination are important factors that affect the netphotosynthetic rate of three Tulips in sunlight greenhouse. The optimal temperature of theleaves for photosynthesis are 12-18℃, the saturation point of light are 1140μmol/m².S.(2) The positive correlation was found between the net photosynthetic rate and thedropping variance of CO₂, only the phase is opposites. The linear regression equations andthe correlation coefficient of three Tulip varieties 'Ad Rem','World's Favorite' and'Gander's Rhapsody' were y₁=-0.5282x-0.2708,r₁=-0.994, y₂=-0.509x-0.1515,r₂=-0.999,y₃=-0.4993x-0.1586,r₃=-0.998 respectively.5. The comparison on daily changes of main environmental factors in sunlight greenhouseunder different weather conditions.(1) The lowest temperature of the next day wee hours in the sunlight greenhousedepends on the previous day's weather condition and warmth keeping, if it was fine daywith good illumination on the previous day, the lowest temperature in the sunlightgreenhouse are high the next day wee hours Temperature declines by a big margin in thegreenhouse on rainy day and snow day. It is particularly important to keep the warmthinside the greenhouse. In case of continuous sleet weather, when the external temperature is5 degrees Centigrade, indoor minimum temperature is about 3 degrees Centigrade at 6:00o'clock in the morning next day, it is better to heat the green house.(2) While taking off the grass curtain in the morning, the speed is slower that theintensity of illumination of the top of the plant tulip rises in the greenhouse comparing tooutdoors, lagging behind for almost one hour, later rise rapidly. In snow days the dailychanges of the intensity of illumination in sunlight greenhouse are similar to that of rainy days, but in the snow days the discrepancy of diurnal variation inside and outside thesunlight greenhouse are less obvious than rainy days in intensity.(3) To the 4 different kinds of weather conditions such as fine, cloudy, rainy and snowdays, there is the largest range of variation of ground temperature inside sunlightgreenhouse in fine days. Under any kinds of wanton weather conditions, the range ofvariation of the temperature of soil close to the earth's surface changes greater compared tothat of ground temperature with the different soil depth, the more deep the soil, the moremoderate the variation of the soil temperature.