Movement And Transform Of Phosphorus In High Yield Field And Phosphorus Balance

How reasonably employs the phosphate fertilizer always is one of the hot topics,which is various countries' soil and plant nutritionworker studies.This article uses the method in room to study the move characteristic of P in the brown loam eluviate and the influence to the movement and invertion of P when employ chicken manure and straw stalk to the soil. In order to offer ideas for the discussion of P circulation characters in ecosystem, constitute methods to adjust the validity of P in the soils and the reasonable employment of chicken manure and straw stalk. This article also study move and transform of configurations when the employment of P, the distributing characters of section plane, the balance of soil-plant for P in winter wheat - summer corn rotation system of high yield soils.In order to study the source configuration , motive and cumulation numbers of P to offer theoretics instruction and orders for reasonable employment, the validity of P, also offer instruction and orders for promote economy high quality and yield of agriculture.Main findings as follows:1. Under a year rainfall intensity, only the water-soluble P and the active organic P can migrate to the 20cm soil layer. With the increase of P, the increa- se trend of fast-acting P is diminish.When the employ of P reach to some level, the fast-acting increase tendency is smaller than the late effect P, it is said the using rate of P reduce with the increase of fertilization. The employment of P can increase the lose of organic-P; Chicken manure can active insoluble phos- phate and,and increase the lose of orthophosphate, the keep fat of Straw stalk is better than chicken manure, but the activation capability of steady phosphate is worse than chicken manure. The match employment of 2500 mg.kg-1 chicken manure and 25 mg.kg-1 P,can improve the increase of available-P in the soil to 21.198mg.kg-1,quite to single apply 50 mg.kg-1P.It is not too distinctness in short time when the match employment of straw stalk and P to the validlty of P , but it can reduce the P move to substrate with a long time employment of straw.2.in the wheat growth initial period, executed the P can promotethe nitro- gen absorption and transports to the top, not too distinctness of the absorbion of P.Increase P can decrease the content of K in apparatus of wheat, less incr- ease of P content,but less infection of N. The employment of P can obviously increase the yield of wheat,high and low P disposalcan increase the yield with 13.32% and 9.01% compare to no P,but excessive employment of P can redu- ce the utilize rate of fertilizer, and arose invalid divide and shriveled of wheat. 3.The employment P can advance the absorb of N with the root stem leaf husk nucleus apparatus, but not too distinctness of grain of corn. Low P can not in- fluence the content of P in the leaf and grain of corn ,but high P can enhance the content of P, P can reduce the content of P in the root and stem of corn, P can reduce the absorb of K with stem, but with the employment of P ,the cont- ent of K in stem also increase. The yield of high-P and low-P increase 31.54% and 22.86%compared with no-P.but along with the employm- ent of P, high-P compared to low-P only increase production 7.05%.4.in a season of wheat periods of growth.the depth of P can move to 40cm, organic-P can move to 70cm.employ P can increase the content of available-P in the soil,can advance the validity of N and K ,can reduce the lose of fertilizer. in a season of corn periods growth, the P of soil can move deeper than 30cm, N can move deeper than 70 cm, K can move deeper than 100cm because of it flows with current strongly. Straw stalk the main reason for the change of organic-P without organic fertilizer.Chemistry phosphate fertilizer employment and the straw stalk is the main source of P in the soil. Employment fertilizer is 63.01%-77.77%.and straw stalk is 12.83%-20.75%. The content of P with grain can account of 55%.in no-P the lose of P is more ,and is less and less. Straw stalk in a season ,low-P cannot maintain the balance of P ,the P of soil exhibition wane.but in high-P,it is surplus.With the employment of P ,the utilize rate is reduce,the P which remain in the soil can be adsorbed and fixed , apparent lost rate aslo advance. With straw stalk the P input of 56 kg.ha-1can maintain the balance of P , but without straw stalk is 86 kg.ha-1.