Studied On Growth, Development And Agronomic Characters Of Winter Wheat Planted In Northern Region

In recent years ,the global climate warming, especially raise of the lowest temperature of northern in winter, provided favourable natural condition for winter wheat planted in northern spring wheat region. The study on winter wheat planted in northern region have been carrying out in Heilongjiang, Liaoning province etc Since 1997. Study on variety selection, basic of growth and development, clutivating measure etc have gotten great progress. Cause ecological environment condition of Hexi corridor is different from that of Heilongjiang, liaoning province etc. It is imperative that study on growth, delelopment and yield character of winter wheat growing was conducted in original and northern Hexi region,aiming at Providing the basis of theory for introducing and breeding of vartieties and establishing reasonable cultivating measure of Hexi corridor.Comparetive experiment was carried out respetively in original region and the northern region. Comparetive study on growth, delelopment and agronomic characters of 10 winter wheat vartieties (lines). the expermental design of two sites are simlar. Dynamics change of leaf area was fitted with cubic multinomial equation y=a+bx+cx2+dx3. Dry matter accumulation and process of grain filling were simulated by Logistic curve regression equation y=K/(1+ae^-bt), for fitting a good Logistic curve regression equation the adopting X2 test. their parameters were analysed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regrssion analysis. The main results are as following:1 Overwintering, the average value of death rate of plants is 2.564% in Wuwei, 1.500% in Qingshui. In Wuwei, the main stem of majority plants were freezed to death, the average value of death rate of stem is 15.3%. The degree of frozen to dried-up is grade 3～4.2 Process of growth and development, Returning-green stage in Wuwei is longer 18d than in Qingshui. Returning-green stage to joint stage, the number of days in two site is similar. joint stage to head stage, the number of days is shorter 5 days in Wuwei than Qingshui. head stage to maturity stage,the number of days in Wuwei is shorter 10 days than in Qingshui.3 Process of spike split, from double-ridge stage to stage of fromation of pistil and stamen primordium in Wuwei is shorter than in Qingshui.4 Dynamics of tillers, the range of peak of tillers is 6.6 to 11.5 per plant in Wuwei,is 4.2 to 7.9 per plant in Qingshui,the average value of number of spike is 5.41per plant in Wuwei, 4.17per plant in Qingshui. The average value of spike rate is 64.57% in Wuwei, 69.17% in Qingshui.5 Dynamics chage of leaf area, The range of peak of leaf area is 239.9 to 504.5cm2 per plant in Wuwei, 229.946 to 459.383cm2 per plant. After leaf area reach peak, gradient of decrease of leaf area is great in Wuwei, that showed leaf decripit is fast.6 Dry matter accumulation, the means of peak of dry matter accumulation is 19.961g per plant in Wuwei, is 16.168g per plant in Qingshui. The average value of average rare of dry matter accumulation is 0.1675 g/( plant.d) inWuwei,is 0.1308 g/( plant.d) in Qingshui. The average value of maximum rate of dry matter accumulation is 0.4000 g/( plant.d)in Wuwei. is 0.3236 g/( plant.d) in Qingshui.7 Process of grain filling, The average value of peak of kernel weight is 58.485g in Wuwei, is 62.703 in Qingshui. The average value of peroid of grain filling is The average value of mean rate of grain filling is 36.9d in Wuwei,is 39.0d in Qingshui. The average value of average of grain filling is 1.5678g/(1000grain.d) in Wuwei, 1.5050 g/(1000grain.d) in Qingshui.8 Agronomic Characters The average value of plant height is 82.03cm in Wuwei, 90.88cm in Qingshui. The average value of main spike length is 8.3cm in Wuwei, 9.1cm in Qingshui. The average value of spikelet of main spike is 17.67 per spike in Wuwei, 19.76 in Qingshui. the mean of grains per spike is 46.43 in Wuwei, 48.24 in Qingshui. the average value of grain weight per spike is 10.55g, 8.31g in Qingshui, 3.97g Yongliang. The average value of biomass is 18.22g per plant, 14.28g per plant. The average value of grain yield per plant is 9.39g per plant in Wuwei, 6.81g per plant in Qingshui. The average value of economic coefficient is 50.8% in Wuwei, 47.95% in Qingshui. The average value of kernel weight is 49.48g in Wuwei, 50.32g in Qingshui. The average value of volume weight is 802g/L, 794 g/L in Qingshui.9 Yield, in thin sowing, the average value of yield is 6692kg/hm² in Wuwei, 4368 kg/hm² in Qingshui.In dense sowing, the peak of yield is 8543.75kg/hm², the average value of yield is 7831.88 kg/hm² in Wuwei.Summarize, after winter wheat vartieties were planted in northern region of Hexi, number of spike increased.Becouse of spike split quicken, as a result of spike length shorted, spikelet of main spike and grains per spike decreased. The peak of dry matter accumulation increased, the average rare of dry matter accumulation quicken, the peak of kernel weight reduced.Becouse the peroid of grain filling shorted, plant height reduced. grain weight per spike, biological yield, grain yield per plant, economic coefficient and volume weight raised.all result showed , there is a yield advantage that winter wheat was planted in northern region. The synthesize character of four vartieies 97t-110,longyuan 031,96-43-5 and 95-3-11 are good, they may be used on production in the northern region.