Studies On Extraction Technology, Analysise Of Chemical Composition And Insecticidal Activities Of Volatile Oil Of Polygonum Hydroiper L.

The volatile oil from fresh leaves of polygonum hydroiper L,extracted by means of steam distillation and supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction has been analyzed qualitatively an quantitatively by GC/MS in the study of this paper.Moreover,the insecticidal activities of diamondback moth and aphid has been tested.The result as follows:1 The extraction technology by means of steam distillation and supercritical-CO2 fluid has been studied by orthogonal experiment.1.1 As for the study of extraction technology by means of stean distillation,the optimal conditions of the extraction technology are A3B3C3.That is to say,time of distillation, 150 minutes;solvent of extract,ethyl ether; ctting degree of leaves,completely cutting .Under these conditions maximum volatile oil the biggest affecting factor for the cxtraction of eddiciency the volatile oil of polygonum hydroiper L,then the solvent of cxtraction finally the cutting degree of leaves.1.2 As for the study of extraction technology by means of supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction,the optimal conditions of the extraction technology are A3B2C3.That is to say,pressure of extraction,45Mpa,temperature of extraction ,40℃time of extraction 150 minutes.Under there conditions maxinum volatile oil were obtained.Among them,the pressure of extraction is the biggest affecting facter for the extraction efficiency of volatile oil of polygonum hydroiper L,then,time of extraction,finally,the temperature of extraction. By contrast of two extraction methods,the extraction rate by means of supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction is much higher compared with steam distillation.2.The volatile oil,extracted by means of supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction and steam distillation,has been analyzed by GC/MS under same condition.2.1 Main chemical composition of volatile oil extracted by means of stean distillation. QUERCETIN7,3',4'-TRIMETHOXY1.00%;10-Heptadecen-8-ynoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-2.56%;Tricyclo[3.2.1.02,7]oct-3-ene,2,3,4,5-tetramethyl3.05%-;Copaene2.09%;1-Cyclohexene-1-propanal,2,6,6-trimethyl-4.05%;2(1H)-Naphthalenone,octahydro-8,8a-dimethyl-,(4aà,8á,8aá)-3.27%;2-Butanone,4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-28.78%;2H-Pyran,2-(7-heptadecynyloxy)tetrahydro-11.53%4-(2,2-Dimethyl-6-methylenecyclohexyl)butanal2.31%;9-Desoxo-9-x-acetoxy-3,8,12-tri-O-acetylingol1.33%;5-Isopropylidene-6-methyldeca-3,6,9-trien-2-one7.74%;(-)-CARYOPHYLLENE OXIDE3.19%.2.2 Main chemical composition of volatile oil extracted by means of supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction.1,4-Methanoazulen-3-ol,decahydro-1,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-,[1s-(1à,3á,3aá,4à,8aá)]-1.20%; 2-Butenal,2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-13.21%;LUCENIN25.40%;2-Methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)but-2-en-1-ol8.46%;1-Naphthalenepropanol,à-ethydecahydro-l4-hydroxy-à,2,5,5,8a-pentamethyl-,[1S-[1à(R*),2à,4à,4aá,8aà]]- 1.69%.Result of GC/MS show that it's chemical composition is complex,some composition is similar with insecticidal substance, But the exact active substance need farther isolation , purification.3 The insecticidal activities of the volatile oil,extracted by two methods,have been tested respectively,And the biological test of the volatile oil,extracted by two methods has been conducted,Moreover the biological activities of then have been compared.3.1 The activities and toxicity test to diamondback moth of plutella xylostellal volatile oil,extracted by means of steam distillation have been conducted. Equation of toxicidtial regression:y=17.5+5.37x, LC50=0.00456g/L, Fumigation of Test,LC50 was 0.00630, 0.00542,0.00512g/mL when 24h,48h,72h; Repellent of Test, Repellent of rate was over 80% when concentraton is 0.0125g/mL in 12-48h; anti-feeding test, high effectiveness of anti-feeding 0.00456g/mL, 0.00325g/mL,0.00232g/mL in given time. Trial of volatile oil,extracted by means of steam distillation against plutella xylostellal in the pot was tested,the results showed that was effective control on plutella xylostellal.3.2 The activities and toxicity test to diamondback moth of plutella xylostellal volatile oil,extracted by supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction. on Toxicidty test,equation of toxicidtial regression: y = 12.8 + 3.63x, LC50 = 0.00718g/mL Fumigation of Test,LC50 was 0.00828g/mL,0.00818g/mL,0.00738g/mL when 24h,48h,72h; Repellent of test, Repellent of rate was over 80% when concentraton is 0.0125g/mL in 12-48h; anti-feeding test, lower effectiveness of anti-feeding in aseries of concentrations.Through comparison of activity to diamandback modth of plutella xylostellal volatile oil extracted by means of two methods,the result showed that the efficiency of the volatile oil,extracted by means of steam distillation,is much higher than that by means of supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction in toxicity test fumigation test,repellent test.But effectiveness of anti-feeding test is similar.3.3 The activities and toxicity test to diamondback moth of Lipaphis erysimi volatile oil,extracted by means of steam distillation have been conducted. Equation of toxicidtial regression: y=5.74+5.86x, LC50=0.748g/L, Repellent of test, Repellent of rate was over 80% when concentraton is 1.25g/L in 24h.Result of insecticidal activities show that, Repellent and anti-feeding activities of volatile oil is better,So it is feasible to use the repellent and anti-feeding for developing. 4 Study on stabilization of volatile oil extracted by mean of steam distillation. Temperture affeced Active test of essential oil obviously,effectiveness became much low in 30-50℃, The effect of ultraviolet ray and reserve time was not obvious.Result of study on volatile oil of polygonum hydroiper L show that showed that the efficiency of the volatile oil is highe, it is worth that volatile oil of polygonum hydroiper L is studied in botanical pesticide.