Modeling Phenological Stages And Morphological Formation In Barley

The experiments were carried out in Yangzhou and Lianyungang during 2004-2006 to develop simulation models in barley. The models of apical and phenological development stages for barley were constructed with the scale of physiological development time. The predicted apical development stages included single ridge stage, double ridge stage, stamen and pistil initiation stage, anther separation stage, pollen mother cells stage and tetrad stage and the predicted phenological development stages included emergence stage, jointing stage, heading stage, grain filling stage and maturity stage. The data from field experiments with different genotypes, sowing dates and places was used to test the model. The results showed that the absolute prediction errors for most stages of growth and development ranged within 0~6d, and the root mean square errors (RMSE) were generally less than 4d. The model reflected an enhanced level of mechanism and application.Based on physiological development time, the dynamics of spike and internode growth in barley were modeled by Richards equations. The dynamic models were checked up in various sowing dates and genotypes of barley. The results showed that the absolute prediction errors ranges of spike length were 0.05~1.66cm and the RMSEs were 0.33~0.75cm. The absolute prediction errors ranges of internode length were 0.04~6.08cm, and the RMSEs were 0.43~4.43cm. The absolute prediction errors ranges of internode thickness were 0.002~0.112cm, and the RMSEs were 0.018～0.048cm. The model reflected an enhanced level of prediction and mechanism.